Investigation of internal organs and additive tissue of hybrid hypophthalmichthys (Hypophthalmichthys spp.) as a promising raw material for the production of dietary nutritional products

Abstract

Preservation of the nutritional value of fish and the useful qualities of its rich composition is extremely important. The urgent task of the food industry is to develop and create quality food products that meet modern production trends and compete in domestic and foreign markets. This scientific paper describes studies aimed at assessing the specific weight (%) of essential nutrients (glycogen, proteins, and lipids) in particular organs and tissues of different size and mass groups of the hybrid of silver and bighead carp experimental ponds and reservoirs of Ukraine. To achieve the goal in the research process, fish farming, biochemical (study of total protein, lipids, and carbohydrates), and statistical (mathematical processing of research results) research methods were used. In all size and mass groups of the hybrid of silver and bighead carp from ponds and reservoirs in 2017, 2018, and 2019, mostly satisfactory values of general metabolism indicators were found - glycogen, proteins, and lipids in the liver, gills, and muscles of fish. In annual fish of winter ponds, total protein and glycogen content in all organs and tissues was slightly reduced. The organisms of biennial fish from feeding ponds were characterized by fluctuations in the content of glycogen in the liver (it was the highest in fish, 3.28 – 3.33%). Significant fluctuations in the total protein content of muscle, liver, and gills and a slight excess of glycogen in the liver and lipids in the gills of three-year-olds were observed in the reservoirs. The difference found in the availability of essential nutrients in the body of the studied fish indicates a change in the intensity and direction of their metabolic processes. However, their physiological condition at the time of the study was within normal limits.

Biometric analysis of food products of hybrid hypoophthalmichthys (Hypophthalmichthys spp.) to determine their nutritional value and use in the food industry

“…The average lipids values in most organs and tissues of biennials of the hybrid of silver and bighead carp caught from winter ponds in 2019, biennials, were at 1% and below. The results of the biennials of the hybrid of silver and bighead carp in 2019 indicate that their physiological state at the time of the study was within the physiological norm [42].…”

“…Thus, according to the results of studies conducted in 2018, it was found that concentration of glycogen, total protein, and lipids in fish organs and tissues of fish from SEEF "Nyvka" IF NAAS and TRPLF NULES of Ukraine was satisfactory. The results indicate that the young-of-the-year hybrid of silver and bighead carp in the winter significantly reduces or stops the trophic activity and switches partially or completely to endogenous nutrition [42].…”

“…The average lipid content in the muscles and gills of young-of-the-year and triennials of the hybrid of silver and bighead carp from the Kosiv Reservoir in 2019 was at the level of annuals less than 0.5% and triennials about 1% or more. The lipid content in the liver was much higher: in young-of-the-year fish, they were about 3%, and in triennials from stocking in 2018, about 6%, and from stocking in 2019, more than 7% [42].…”

“…Exceptions were glycogen content in the liver of bighead carp of the Kosiv Reservoir, which was slightly more than 2% in one-year-olds and 5-5.5% in triennials in both years of research. Thus, a higher level of glycogen in the liver of annual fish is evident compared to its presence in the muscles and gills of the youth of the year of the hybrid of silver and bighead carp [42].…”

“…A certain heterogeneity of the general physiological state of fish can explain the obtained data. This can be caused by hereditary factors determining a certain diversity of fish composition in reservoirs and the conditions of fish keeping [42].…”