Investigation of Ionospheric Response to June 2009 Sarychev Peak Volcano Eruption

Abstract

Global Navigation Satellite Systems have been extensively used to investigate the ionosphere response to various natural and man-made phenomena for the last three decades. However, ionospheric reaction to volcano eruptions is still insufficiently studied and understood. In this work we analyzed the ionospheric response to the 11–16 June 2009 VEI class 4 Sarychev Peak volcano eruption by using surrounding Russian and Japanese GPS networks. Prominent covolcanictotal electron content (TEC)ionospheric disturbances (CVIDs) with amplitudes and periods ranged between 0.03–0.15 TECU and 2.5–4.5 min were discovered for the three eruptive events occurred at 18:51 UT, 14 June; at 01:15 and 09:18 UT, 15 June 2009. The estimates of apparent CVIDs velocities vary within 700–1000 m/s in the far-field zone (300–900 km to the southwest from the volcano) and 1300–1800 m/s in close proximity toSarychev Peak. The characteristics of the observed TEC variations allow us to attribute them to acoustic mode. The south-southwestward direction is preferred for CVIDs propagation. We concluded that the ionospheric response to a volcano eruption is mainly determined by a ratio between explosion strength and background ionization level. Some evidence of secondary (F2-layer) CVIDs’ source eccentric location were obtained.

Traveling Ionospheric Disturbances Observed Over South America After Lithospheric Events: 2010–2020

“…These periodicities also agree with the atmospheric oscillations found by Kanamori et al (1994), 3.7 and 4.3 mHz, after the 1991 Pinatubo eruption, and 3.8 and 5.1 mHz after the 1982 El Chichón eruption. Again they agree with the frequencies determined by Dautermann, Calais, Lognonné, and Mattioli (2009), who found disturbances with peaks of 1 and 4 mHz (gravity and acoustic waves components); with Nakashima et al (2016), peaks of 3.7 and 4.8 mHz; and with Shestakov et al (2021), peaks of 3.7 and 6.7 mHz. Other cases for major earthquakes are those reported by Choosakul et al (2009) observed after the 26 December 2004 Sumatra-Andaman earthquake (Mw 9.3), and Rolland et al (2011) andSaito et al (2011) after the 11 March 2011 Tohoku-oki earthquake (Mw 9.0).…”

“…(2016), peaks of 3.7 and 4.8 mHz; and with Shestakov et al. (2021), peaks of 3.7 and 6.7 mHz. Other cases for major earthquakes are those reported by Choosakul et al.…”

“…Additionally, Shestakov et al. (2021) found TEC disturbances after the 11–16 June 2009 Sarychev Peak volcanic eruptions (VEI = 4), Russia, with amplitudes 0.03–0.15 TECu and far‐field propagation speeds of 700–1,000 m/s and 1,300–1,800 m/s near field. Similar velocities in the acoustic wave range are calculated in this work for 22 and 23 Calbuco volcanic eruptions.…”

Ionospheric Disturbances generated by the 2015 Calbuco Eruption: Comparison of GITM-R simulations and GNSS observations

“…The atmospheric and seismic signals created by volcanic eruptions have been examined extensively and many have documented the acoustic and gravity modes dominant in different data inquiries related to various eruptions (Mauk, 1982;Ripepe, et al, 2016;De Angelis et al, 2011;Kanamori & Watada, 1992;Yue et al, 2022;Shestakov, et al, 2021). Progresses in observational capabilities, primarily advances in GNSS infrastructure, have allowed for a variety of Covolcanic Ionospheric Disturbance(s) (CVIDs) to be detected and the subsequent analysis shows promise for using relative CVID magnitudes as indicators for various source parameters, such as energy estimation, ground peak velocity and plume height (Manta, et al, 2021;Dautermann et al, 2009;).…”

Ocean‐Ionosphere Disturbances Due To the 15 January 2022 Hunga‐Tonga Hunga‐Ha'apai Eruption

“…Volcanic eruptions can produce gravity, acoustic‐gravity, and acoustic waves that can perturb the ionosphere, generating the so‐called co‐volcanic ionospheric disturbances (CVIDs) (Aa et al., 2022; Astafyeva, 2019; Dautermann et al., 2009; Heki, 2006; Manta et al., 2021; Meng et al., 2019; Shestakov et al., 2021; Shults et al., 2016). The HTHH eruption generated a variety of atmospheric waves detected all over the world (Matoza et al., 2022; Themens et al., 2022).…”