Investigation of Nutgall and Some Natural Dyes With Mordants Cotton Dyeing and Fastness Level in the Context of the Ecological Textile Production

Abstract

Humans have been using plant-based dyestuff for centuries as the main provider of dyes for industrial products such as textiles, food, leather, etc. Specifically in Turkey, such plants have been used for the dyeing of the fibre and yarn of cotton, wool and silk used in handicraft products, such as carpets, rugs, fabrics, etc. With the discovery of synthetic dyestuffs in the mid-19 th century, natural dyes, and thus, natural dyeing, gradually lost importance, although today, plant-based dyestuffs are again gaining popularity as a result of the rising popularity of the natural and the sustainable concept. The purpose of the present study is to investigate the dyeing effect of solutions obtained from gallnut dyestuffs and mordants from whey, yeast, lye and mushroom extract, with the intention being to identify light, crock and wash fastness levels and examine their usability in today's textile sector. Dyeing cotton fabric samples with gallnut dyestuffs and natural mordants has allowed some important conclusions to be drawn with respect to human and environmental health.

Bio-mordants: a review

“…As well, a few examples of natural mordants include cupula of oak, unripe grape juice, vinegar, Seville orange juice, spurge secretion, ox urine, rock algae, clay, lime, bread yeast, wood ash, and mud mixed with animal urine (Ozturk et al 2013 ). In Anatolia, natural mordants such as salt, lemon salt, cattle urine, vinegar, sour grapes, citrus juice, washing soda, mole milk, baker’s yeast, ash, clay, pelit, moss, dried yogurt, and lime were used in dyeing processes from time to time in various proportions (Başaran and Sarikaya 2015 ). Bio-mordants are included in the keywords of many articles.…”

“…Başaran and Sarikaya ( 2015 ) used lye as a mordant in their studies. It is stated that the light fastness obtained while pre-mordanting cotton fabric samples with lye, yeast, whey, and mushroom extract is at a medium level, with the exception of whey.…”

“…Başaran and Sarikaya ( 2015 ) used mushroom as a mordant in their studies. It has been stated that khaki color tones can be obtained at the end of the process.…”

“…One of the interesting mordant substances used in natural dyeing is yeast. Başaran and Sarikaya ( 2015 ) used Quercus infectoria as a natural dye to dye cotton fabrics and whey, yeast, lye, and mushroom extract as bio-mordants in their research. It is claimed that, with the exception of whey, the light-fastness produced after pre-mordanting cotton fabric samples with lye, yeast, whey, and mushroom extract is at a medium level.…”