Investigation of sandstone erosion by continuous and pulsed water jets

Raj, Piush; Hloch, Sergej; Tripathi, Rajesh; Srivastava, Madhulika; Nag, Akash; Klichová, Dagmar; Klich, Jiří; Hromasová, Monika; Müller, Miroslav; Linda, M.; Chattopadhyaya, Somnath; Adamčík, Pavel

doi:10.1016/j.jmapro.2019.04.035

Cited by 47 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Therefore, experiments previously carried out at the optimal standoff distance and the results obtained are somewhat questionable. In previous studies [ 19 , 25 ], standoff distance was determined using the incline trajectory, where the vertical component of velocity ( v y = v.sinα mm/s) was neglected. This resulted in the decrement in the actual velocity ( v = v PWJ − v y ) of the PWJ, leading to reduction in the impact force.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The previous studies [ 8 , 10 , 19 , 25 ] that have been reported in Table 1 used stationary or inclined trajectory movement of the PWJ head to determine the optimal standoff distance corresponding to the maximum depth of disintegration. However, in the present article, a new methodology in the form of staircase trajectory movement has been used to include the vertical component of the traverse speed ( v y = v ·sin α mm/s; α is the angle of inclination of the inclined path), which was omitted in the previous studies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Standoff Distance in Ultrasonic Pulsating Water Jet

et al. 2020

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The water hammer effect is the basis of technologies which is artificially responsible for the decay of continuous jets. A recently developed technique enhances the pressure fluctuations using an acoustic chamber, leading to enhanced erosion effects for various water volume flow rates. The optimum standoff distance for an ultrasonic enhanced water jet is not appropriately estimated using an inclined trajectory. The objective of this study is to comprehend the true nature of the interaction of the standoff distance following the stair trajectory and traverse speed of the nozzle on the erosion depth. Additionally, it also critically compares the new method (staircase trajectory) that obeys the variation in frequency of the impingements for defined volume flow rates with the inclined trajectory. In this study, at constant pressure (p = 70 MPa), the role of impingement distribution with the variation of traverse speed (v = 5–35 mm/s) along the centerline of the footprint was investigated. The maximum erosion depth corresponding to each traverse speed is observed at approximately same standoff distance (65 ± 5 mm) and decreases with the increment in traverse speed (h = 1042 and 47 µm at v = 5 and 35 mm/s, respectively). The results are attributed to the variation in the number of impingements per unit length. The surface and morphology analysis of the cross-section using SEM manifested the presence of erosion characteristics (micro-cracks, cavities, voids, and upheaved surface). By varying the water cluster, different impingement densities can be achieved that are suitable for technological operations such as surface peening, material disintegration, or surface roughening.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Standoff Distance in Ultrasonic Pulsating Water Jet

et al. 2020

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“…Sevda and Hood [8] studied the internal breaking ability of rock under pulsed water jet impact. Piush et al [9] measured the depth, width, and volume of sandstone eroded by continuous water jet and pulsed water jet. Rupam et al [10] studied the surface morphology of granite impacted by continuous water jet and pulsed water jet.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Breaking Mechanism and Damage Evolution Rule of Ultra‐High‐Pressure Water Jet Impacting Steel Fiber Reinforced Concrete

Chen

Zhu

2021

Advances in Civil Engineering

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Based on smooth particle hydrodynamics (SPH) method, this paper carried out the numerical simulation of ultra-high-pressure water jet (UHP-WJ) impacting steel fiber reinforced concrete (SFRC), verified the established numerical model by UHP-WJ impacting SFRC and computed tomography (CT) scanning experiments, and explored breaking mechanism and damage evolution rule of SFRC impacted by UHP-WJ. Results indicate that in the weak effect zone of steel fiber, the failure of concrete is generated and developed along the axial direction of UHP-WJ into a bowl-shaped crater with the combining action of compressive stress and shear stress. In the affected area of steel fiber, due to the inhomogeneity in the contact area of steel fiber and concrete, the stress concentration in the contact area is produced, causing the formation of propagated crack along the steel fiber. And the steel fiber has an obstruction effect on the development of broken bodies on the upper and lower sides of steel fiber. With the sustained action of UHP-WJ, the steel fiber in the intense radiation area of stress waves takes place fracture and finally the broken bodies on the upper and lower sides of steel fiber fuse. In addition, based on the CT scans and digital image processing technology, this paper also comparatively analyzed the internal fragmentations of SFRC and the ordinary concrete subjected to UHP-WJ impact, and it is found that compared with the ordinary concrete, there is smaller dimension of crater and it is difficult to engender macrocrack for SFRC, with lower damage and higher damage attenuation speed along the axial and radial directions.

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“…Nevertheless, the high energy consumption and low efficiency of the traditional waterjet limited its application. To make better use of waterjet technology and lower its energy consumption, various kinds of waterjets have been invented, such as the pulsed waterjet [6,7], abrasive waterjet [8], cavitating waterjet [9,10], and so on. As environmentally friendly technologies, the pulsed waterjet can take advantage of the water hammer effect [11], and the cavitating waterjet can harvest the energy of cavity collapse [9,12]; both of them can significantly lower the energy consumption during the working process.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Organ-Pipe Chamber Geometry on the Frequency and Erosion Characteristics of the Self-Excited Cavitating Waterjet

Cai

Yan

et al. 2020

Energies

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Erosion experiments were performed to uncover the impact of organ-pipe chamber geometry on the frequency and erosion characteristics of self-excited cavitating waterjets. Jets emanating from self-excited nozzles with various organ-pipe geometries were investigated. The upstream and downstream contraction ratios of the organ-pipe resonator were changed respectively from 1.5 to 6 and 2 to 12. Pressure sensors and hydrophone were used to characterize jets’ frequency characteristics. Mass loss was also obtained in each of the configurations to assess the erosion performance. By tuning the self-excited frequency, the peak resonance was achieved using the nozzles with different geometries. Accordingly, the acoustic natural frequencies of various chamber geometries were obtained precisely. Results show that with increasing upstream and downstream contraction ratio of the organ-pipe chamber, the acoustic natural frequency increases monotonically due to the reduction of equivalent length, while the resonance amplitude and mass loss first increase and then decrease. There are optimum geometric parameters to reach the largest resonance amplitude and erosion mass loss: the upstream contraction ratio being between two and four, and downstream ratio being between four and seven. The effective length of the organ pipe can be calculated by the sum of the physical length and equivalent length to accurately obtain the acoustic natural frequency. Under the optimized parameters, the equivalent length can be estimated as 0.35D.

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Investigation of sandstone erosion by continuous and pulsed water jets

Cited by 47 publications

References 9 publications

Standoff Distance in Ultrasonic Pulsating Water Jet

Standoff Distance in Ultrasonic Pulsating Water Jet

Breaking Mechanism and Damage Evolution Rule of Ultra‐High‐Pressure Water Jet Impacting Steel Fiber Reinforced Concrete

Effects of Organ-Pipe Chamber Geometry on the Frequency and Erosion Characteristics of the Self-Excited Cavitating Waterjet

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