Investigation of Specific Proteins Related to Different Types of Coronary Atherosclerosis

Abstract

Objective: Coronary heart disease (CHD) is a complex disease caused by multifaceted interaction between genetic and environmental factors, which makes identification of the most likely disease candidate proteins and their associated risk markers a big challenge. Atherosclerosis is presented by a broad spectrum of heart diseases, including stable coronary artery disease (SCAD) and acute myocardial infarction (AMI), which is the progressive stage of SCAD. As such, the correct and prompt diagnosis of atherosclerosis turns into imperative for precise and prompt disease diagnosis, treatment and prognosis.Methods: The current work aims to look for specific protein markers for differential diagnosis of coronary atherosclerosis. Thirty male patients between 45 and 55 years diagnosed with atherosclerosis were analyzed by tandem mass tag (TMT) mass spectrometry. The study excluded those who were additionally diagnosed with hypertension and type 1 and 2 diabetes. The Mufuzz analysis was applied to select target proteins for precise and prompt diagnosis of atherosclerosis, most of which were most related to high lipid metabolism. The parallel reaction monitoring (PRM) was used to verify the selected target proteins. Finally, The receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was calculated by a random forest experiment.Results: One thousand one hundred and forty seven proteins were identified in the TMT mass spectrometry, 907 of which were quantifiable. In the PRM study, six proteins related to lipid metabolism pathway were selected for verification and they were ALB, SHBG, APOC2, APOC3, APOC4, SAA4.Conclusion: Through the detected specific changes in these six proteins, our results provide accuracy in atherosclerosis patients' diagnosis, especially in cases with varying types of the disease.

Correlation Between Low THBS3 Expression in Peripheral Blood and Acute Myocardial Infarction

“…In our previous proteomic research [20], we found that patients with AMI had lower THBS3 expression in their peripheral plasma than patients with SCAD (p < 0.05). Based on this finding, we further verified that THBS3 expression in the peripheral plasma of patients with AMI was lower than that in patients in the SCAD group (p < 0.001).…”

“…We screened differentially expressed proteins using proteomic studies in the early stage, and the results showed that the expression of THBS3 protein was lower in patients with AMI than in those with SCAD [20]. So, it was reasonable to speculate that AMI and low THBS3 expression in peripheral blood were related.…”

New Progress in Early Diagnosis of Atherosclerosis

“…Whole-blood gene expression profiles can reveal illness status dynamics and suggest putative disease causes [ 63 ]. Many prevalent illnesses, such as AMI [ 64 , 65 , 66 , 67 ] and various forms of atherosclerosis [ 68 ], have distinct gene expression profiles. Differential gene expression in peripheral blood cells can provide more information on disease dynamics and better forecast the likelihood of cardiovascular events than currently employed approaches [ 63 ].…”

“…Meng et al found that different proteins were present in different types of coronary atherosclerosis and that different protein markers identified different phases of atherosclerosis. Six genes ( ALB, SHBG, APOC, APOC3, APOC4 , and SAA4 ) were found to be responsible for its regulation [ 68 ].…”

Association of Low Expression of NUMB in Peripheral Blood with Acute Myocardial Infarction

“…Whole blood gene expression profiling can provide information on the dynamics of disease states and shed light on the underlying disease mechanisms [ 10 ]. Clinically, many common diseases such as AMI [ 11 – 14 ] and different types of atherosclerosis [ 15 ] exhibit a characteristic gene expression profile.…”