Investigation of the Physical Mechanical Properties and Durability of Sustainable Ultra-High Performance Concrete with Recycled Waste Glass

Abstract

Construction material sustainability and waste reuse have emerged as significant environmental issues. Concrete is widely used in the building and engineering fields. Ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC), which has remarkably high mechanical properties, has become one of the most common concrete varieties in recent years. As a result, substantial amounts of Portland cement (PC) are frequently used, raising the initial cost of UHPC and restricting its broad use in structural applications. A significant amount of CO2 is produced and a large amount of natural resources are consumed in its production. To make UHPC production more eco-friendly and economically viable, it is advised that the PC in concrete preparations be replaced with different additives and that the recycled aggregates from various sources be substituted for natural aggregates. This research aims to develop an environmentally friendly and cost-effective UHPC by using glass waste (GW) of various sizes as an alternative to PC with replacement ratios of 0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, and 50% utilizing glass powder (GP). Fine aggregate “sand (S)” is also replaced by glass particles (G) with replacement ratios of 0%, 50%, and 100%. To accomplish this, 18 mixes, separated into three groups, are made and examined experimentally. Slump flow, mechanical properties, water permeability, and microstructural characteristics are all studied. According to the results, increasing the S replacement ratio with G improved workability. Furthermore, the ideal replacement ratios for replacing PC with GP and S with G to achieve high mechanical properties were 20% and 0%, respectively. Increasing the replacement rate of GP in place of PC at a fixed ratio of G to S resulted in a significant decrease in water permeability values. Finally, a microstructural analysis confirms the experimental findings. In addition, PC100-S100 was the best mix compared to PC100-S50 G50 and PC100-G100.

Characterization of different types of silica-based materials

“…From these results we can conclude that the SiO2 type 1 is chemically almost as clean as the SiO2 reference with a similar O/Si ratio and slightly lower amount of C. Here it should be noted that observed carbon may originate from samples, since is typically found on open-air stored materials [11], but also from the used substrates. In contrast, the SiO2 type 2 contains a lot of different non-silica impurities which generally originate from additives in the waste glass material and relates to glass or recycling process [5][6][7]12]. Apart from higher amount of carbon, the detected elements in SiO2 type 2 are comparable to additives in the soda-lime translucent (clear) glass reported in literature [5][6][7].…”

“…These findings correspond to higher signal from water traces deduced from the XPS analysis of the O 1s peak (figure 3). Since the IR Raman is quite sensitive to the OH groups these observations can indicate the high hygroscopic properties of investigated industrially used silica-based powders, especially in case of ground waste glass [12].…”

Potential of Fe-Mn-Al-Ni Shape Memory Alloys for Internal Prestressing of Ultra-High Performance Concrete

“…Current research in the fields of UHPC addresses these problems in different manners. The use of waste and recycled materials reduces the CO 2 output of UHPC while maintaining sufficient mechanical properties [ 13 , 14 , 15 ]. Another approach is the optimisation of the mechanical properties by combination of different materials and using novel methods for applications [ 16 , 17 ].…”

Prediction of the Bending Strength of a Composite Steel Beam–Slab Member Filled with Recycled Concrete

“…Generally, researchers have adopted different waste materials as recycled aggregates to replace raw aggregates in CFST columns’ concrete [ 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 ] beams [ 26 , 27 , 28 ], which had similar performances to those filled with normal concrete, but slightly less ultimate strength. Such waste materials include crushed concrete aggregate (CCA) [ 29 , 30 , 31 ], crumbed rubber aggregate (CRA) [ 32 , 33 , 34 ], and fine glass aggregate (FGA) [ 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 ]. Moreover, the expanded polystyrene (EPS) beads used in the concrete mixtures partially replaced the raw aggregates, which reduced the self-weight of structural elements [ 39 , 42 , 43 , 44 ].…”