Investigation of the Regulatory Effects of Saccharin on Cytochrome P450s in Male ICR Mice

Abstract

Saccharin, the first artificial sweetener, was discovered in 1879 that do not have any calories and is approximately 200~700 times sweeter than sugar. Saccharin was the most common domestically produced sweetener in Korea in 2010, and it has been used as an alternative to sugar in many products. The interaction between artificial sweeteners and drugs may affect the drug metabolism in patients with diabetes, cancer, and liver damage, this interaction has not been clarified thus far. Here, we examined the effects of the potential saccharin-drug interaction on the activities of 5 cytochrome P450 (CYPs) in male ICR mice; further, we examined the effects of saccharin (4,000 mg/kg) on the pharmacokinetics of bupropion after pretreatment of mice with saccharin for 7 days and after concomitant administration of bupropion and saccharin. Our results showed saccharin did not have a significant effect on the 5 CYPs in the S9 fractions obtained from the liver of mice. In addition, we observed no differences in the pharmacokinetic parameters of bupropion between the control group and the groups pretreated with saccharin and that receiving concomitant administration of saccharin. Thus, our results showed that saccharin is safe and the risk of saccharin-drug interaction is very low.

IgM specific to lipopolysaccharide of Vibrio cholerae is a surrogate antibody isotype responsible for serum vibriocidal activity

“…To see which isotype was most closely correlated with vibriocidal activity, convalescent sera were separated by size exclusion chromatography using Superdex 200 10/300GL (GE Healthcare, USA) as previously described [26]. A 200 μl diluted serum sample (1 in 10) was applied to the column and run at a flow rate 0.5 ml/min in 0.2 M NaCl (pH 7.0).…”

Consumo de edulcorantes no nutritivos: efectos a nivel celular y metabólico

“…El efecto de la sacarina también se ha estudiado en múltiples modelos como Drosophila melanogaster (mos-ca de la fruta), probando el efecto genotóxico en concentraciones de 50-200 mM (31); en ratones y hámster (50 a 200 mg/kg), con efectos a nivel de ADN (17); y en monos y humanos, en concentraciones de 1 a 5 ppm, con daño en linfocitos (27). Sin embargo, en la mayoría de las investigaciones en diversos modelos de estudio, en los que se han utilizado dosis por encima de la ingesta recomendada, se han reportado tanto efectos nulos como adversos, provocando una opinión dividida sobre su seguridad para la salud humana (32).…”

Vancomycin pretreatment attenuates acetaminophen-induced liver injury through 2-hydroxybutyric acid

“…S9 fractions were prepared from the liver to determine the activities of CYP2E1 and CYP1A2 according to previous method with some modifications [ 16 ]. Briefly, 250 mg of liver tissue in each group ( n = 5–10) was mixed with 1 mL of 100 mM potassium phosphate containing 0.15 M potassium chloride (pH = 7.4) and grinded with magnetic beads for 1 min.…”