Investigation of TiC–C Eutectic and WC–C Peritectic High-Temperature Fixed Points

Sasajima, N.; Yamada, Yoshiro

doi:10.1007/s10765-007-0334-4

Cited by 16 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…The WC-C5 cell also demonstrated good shape plateaus with a melting range of about 80 mK, which is comparable with the results obtained in [15]. The details of the WC-C cells, filling and investigation, will be presented elsewhere.…”

Section: Melting Plateaussupporting

confidence: 84%

New Method of Filling of High-Temperature Fixed-Point Cells Based on Metal-Carbon Eutectics/Peritectics

2011

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A new method of filling of high-temperature fixed-point cells based on metal-carbon eutectics and peritectics is suggested and tested. In this method a metal and carbon powder mixture is introduced not directly into the crucible, but into an additional container located just above the crucible. The mixture melts inside the container, and the already molten eutectic drops through a small hole in the bottom of the container and fills the crucible drop by drop. The method can be used to obtain a uniform ingot without porous or foundry cavities, to minimize the risk of contamination, and to avoid some other disadvantages. The method was applied to fabricate Re-C and WC-C cells using 5N purity materials. The cells demonstrated a good plateau shape with melting ranges of 0.2 K and 80 mK for Re-C and WC-C, respectively. The Re-C cell was compared with a cell built at NMIJ and showed good agreement with a difference of melting temperatures of only 45 mK.

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Section: Melting Plateaussupporting

confidence: 84%

New Method of Filling of High-Temperature Fixed-Point Cells Based on Metal-Carbon Eutectics/Peritectics

2011

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“…Together with the WC-C peritectic point, which also shows promise [3], the MC-C peritectic points are proving to be a low-cost alternative to M(C)-C eutectic points, though with increased complications of operation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In another paper in these proceedings by the authors, the Cr 3 C 2 -C peritectic point is studied for the purpose of understanding the peritectic reaction involved [2]. A third paper describes the investigation of the WC-C peritectic point (2,749 • C) [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Investigation of the Cr3C2–C Peritectic Fixed Point

2008

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The Cr 3 C 2 -C (1,826 • C) peritectic point was investigated for its performance as a high-temperature fixed point. Dependence on the impurity content was observed, although it was less severe for the higher of the two equilibrium temperatures obtained with the same cell, the Cr 3 C 2 -C peritectic point, than for the lower, the Cr 7 C 3 -Cr 3 C 2 eutectic point. Thermal history had an effect on the melting plateau duration, but not on the point-of-inflection temperature nor on the melting range. The melting rate had no apparent effect. The repeatability evaluated as the standard deviation of the repeated melting plateaux within a day was 20 mK for the Cr 3 C 2 -C peritectic point, while for the Cr 7 C 3 -Cr 3 C 2 eutectic point, this was 210 mK. For both the Cr 3 C 2 -C peritectic and the Cr 7 C 3 -Cr 3 C 2 eutectic, the freezing plateaux often showed deep supercools, which made them unsuitable for use. The observed good repeatability shows the peritectic-point performance to be comparable to the best MC-eutectic high-temperature fixed points investigated so far. The insensitivity to thermal history constitutes an important and practical advantage. The low price of chromium is a clear benefit as compared to Pt-C (1,738 • C) or Ru-C (1,953 • C) eutectic points, the M-C eutectic points in this temperature range.

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“…The BB3200pg and BB3500 are used at NPL, PTB, and LNE-Cnam for the realization and investigation of a number of HTFPs from Co-C (1324 • C) to Re-C (2475 • C) [3][4][5]. The BB3500YY, with a larger cavity and improved temperature uniformity, is used at NMIJ to study HTFPs above 2500 • C [6]. The latest PG blackbody developed, the BB3500MP, with the largest cavity diameter of 58 mm is used at VNIIOFI for the investigation of Re-C and WC-C (2748 • C) [7,8] and the fabrication of large-area HTFPs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of High-Temperature Blackbodies and Furnaces for Radiation Thermometry

et al. 2011

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Two high-temperature blackbodies were developed and tested. The first one is a graphite blackbody with a maximum temperature of 2000 • C, an opening of 40 mm, and an emissivity of 0.995. It is intended for the routine calibration of pyrometers. The second one is a small version of a pyrolytic graphite (PG) blackbody with a cavity diameter of 15 mm, an opening of 10 mm, and an emissivity of 0.9996. The blackbody has two options with maximum temperatures of 2500 • C and 3000 • C, respectively. With these, the list of high-temperature blackbodies developed at VNIIOFI consists of five PG types and one graphite type, which can be used in radiation thermometry as precision Planckian sources or furnaces for fixed-point applications. The article also describes modifications to the PG furnace, where PG heater rings are replaced partly or totally by graphite elements. Such modifications extend the lifetime of the heater, reduce the cost for some applications and, for some cases, improve the temperature uniformity.

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Investigation of TiC–C Eutectic and WC–C Peritectic High-Temperature Fixed Points

Cited by 16 publications

References 10 publications

New Method of Filling of High-Temperature Fixed-Point Cells Based on Metal-Carbon Eutectics/Peritectics

New Method of Filling of High-Temperature Fixed-Point Cells Based on Metal-Carbon Eutectics/Peritectics

Experimental Investigation of the Cr3C2–C Peritectic Fixed Point

Development of High-Temperature Blackbodies and Furnaces for Radiation Thermometry

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