Investigation of Underground Hydrocarbon Leakage using Ground Penetrating Radar

Srigutomo, Wahyu; Trimadona,; Agustine, Eleonora

doi:10.1088/1742-6596/739/1/012137

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…As the migration of diesel took place through the soil column, the GPR reflection profile changed remarkably, proving the diesel dispersion, which occurred between 5 minutes of experiment time. This event is supported by Mansi et al 12 and Srigutomo and Agustine, 16 as it's driven by the diversity of volumetric moisture content of the soil, the bulk density and the specific density of the solid soil particles. However, the field experiment by Klazinga et al 30 was showed no significant amplitude response for sand contaminated by methane release due to lack of relative permittivity contrast from less gas saturation in sand from early leakage detection.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 77%

“…Furthermore, weak reflection was indicated from the depth range from 0.8 to 1.0 m in the next column radar facies, which was confirmed by a stronger signal reduction compared to average and interpreted as a more compacted layer. Srigutomo and Agustine 16 also clarified that the weak amplitude signal as result from the existence of LNAPL in the vadose zone above the water table and dominated mixture of oil and water in a silty or clayey environment.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…This phenomenon was due to the decrease of soil water repellency from degradation processed from soil contamination by LNAPL's which increases total carbon content in soil. 12,16,[33][34][35] Besides, it migrated vertically into the soil layers. In fact, diesel fuel is recognised to enhance soil hydrophobicity which either fuses into the subsoil (absorption), flows through the subsoil in liquid form, or disappears through leaching (filtration).…”

Section: The Influence Of Diesel Contamination On Em Velocity and Soimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…14 The wave propagation velocity might have been obtained from electrical conductivity and permittivity. 12,[15][16][17] Furthermore, Daniels et al 18 stated that the wave propagation velocity is due Air, Soil and Water Research to the vapour phase of the gasoline, leading to water displacement in the vadose zone, which is formed as a hydrocarbon float. As a result, the reflection from sedimentary features is diminished.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Assessment of Relative Permittivity on Diesel Vapour in the Moisture Content of Terap Red Soil by Ground Penetrating Radar

Ghazali

Zainon

Idris

et al. 2020

Air, Soil and Water Research

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In a common agriculture resource, soil contamination monitoring is a prominent area of study. Nowadays, it is crucial to provide a database for the interpretation of ground penetrating radar (GPR) field data in monitoring soil contamination, such as diesel scatter migration. This study aims to assess the association between permittivity properties and soil water content (θw) for diesel contamination in Terap Red soil, which is classified as lateritic soil. Terap Red soil is an agro potential soil and available in more than 40% of distribution areas in Northern Malaysia (Agro-based State). In this research, 800 MHz shielded antenna GPR was applied for 24 hour measurement in a concrete simulation field tank, which was filled with Terap Red soil (1.5 m x 2.6 m x 1.5 m) located at Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) Perlis, Malaysia. Embedded moisture content probe was simultaneously measured to monitor the response of volumetric water content in the contaminated soil. The GPR data were pre-processed and filtered by Reflexw 7.5. The calibrated Agilent Technologies Automated Vector Analyser (VNA) was used to verify the independent relative permittivity value from GPR. As a result, the evaluation of velocities and reflection of GPR data were influenced by the presence of diesel and contaminated vapour. A positive and significant correlation was obtained between relative permittivity and moisture content in the diesel-contaminated soil. In addition, a positive and strong linear regression analysis was also found between relative permittivity and moisture content. This analysis included an accurate total difference of root mean square error (RMSE) difference, which amounted to 0.04, with calibrated dielectric permittivity.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 77%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: The Influence Of Diesel Contamination On Em Velocity and Soimentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

The Assessment of Relative Permittivity on Diesel Vapour in the Moisture Content of Terap Red Soil by Ground Penetrating Radar

Ghazali

Zainon

Idris

et al. 2020

Air, Soil and Water Research

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Detecting NAPL in Unsaturated Soil

Zytner

Dawrea

Donald

2022

Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering

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Evaluation of the contamination of the subsurface and groundwater by monoaromatic hydrocarbons in an eastern Amazonian town in northern Brazil

et al. 2022

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The present study evaluated the contamination by monoaromatic hydrocarbons (BTEX: benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene) of the subsurface of gas stations and adjacent residences in the Amazonian town of Bragança, in northern Brazil. We combined the ground penetrating radar (GPR) geophysical tool, to detect possible plumes of contamination by BTEX, with gas chromatography (GC) and mass spectrometry (MS), which were used to diagnose the presence of BTEX in water samples obtained from boreholes located within the study area. The GPR identified low-amplitude reflections in the vadose zone of two gas stations, whose attenuation near the surface was due to the low permittivity recorded in the radargrams, which may have been caused by the reduced permittivity of the hydrocarbons (gas vapor) in comparison with water. The GC–MS identified benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and/or xylene in 13 water samples (19.7% of the samples collected). Only three of the samples contained two contaminants, invariably toluene and xylene, whereas all the others contained only a single BTEX. Toluene and xylene were the BTEX compounds found most frequently in the samples. However, none of the samples collected in the study exceeded the threshold established by Brazilian legislation for BTEXs in drinking water. The integrated application of GPR and CG-MS produced satisfactory results for the diagnosis of the contamination of the subsurface of the gas stations surveyed in the present study.

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Investigation of Underground Hydrocarbon Leakage using Ground Penetrating Radar

Cited by 5 publications

References 2 publications

The Assessment of Relative Permittivity on Diesel Vapour in the Moisture Content of Terap Red Soil by Ground Penetrating Radar

The Assessment of Relative Permittivity on Diesel Vapour in the Moisture Content of Terap Red Soil by Ground Penetrating Radar

Detecting NAPL in Unsaturated Soil

Evaluation of the contamination of the subsurface and groundwater by monoaromatic hydrocarbons in an eastern Amazonian town in northern Brazil

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