Investigation on a broadband magnetic levitation energy harvester for railway scenarios

Abstract

In this study, a Magnetic Levitation Energy Harvester (MLEH) was designed and fabricated. The magnetic field distribution and power generation performance of multiple cylindrical magnets were studied. The full factorial design (FFD) of L20 (22 × 5) test was carried out with the sliding magnet arrangement, coil arrangement and wiring method as the control factors, and the output power as target factor. Sweeping-frequency vibration tests and railroad spectrum random vibration tests were conducted to verify the power generation capacity of the prototype. Experimental results show that the device has a broadband response and the railroad vibration test proves the effectiveness of harvester in the application scenario for powering the rail-side sensors. The range of maximum output voltage, power and corresponding frequency in sweeping-frequency vibration tests with the amplitude of 1 to 10 mm and frequency of 5 to 50 Hz are 1.5 to 4.5 V; 1.80 to 17.0 mW and 9.7 to 30.8 Hz. The maximum output voltage and power are 1.33 V and 1.47 mW based on the measured railroad spectrum. Finally, a retrospective review in the efficiency, effectiveness and volume figure of merit is conducted to evaluate the performance of MLEH, indicating a high power density of the proposed harvester.

Design and performance evaluation of piezoelectric tube stack energy harvesters in railway systems

“…Further, Hou et al (2020) developed a multi-frequency electromagnetic energy harvester with four oscillators, which could not only expand the working frequency bandwidth but also improve the energy harvesting efficiency in terms of both output power and the power density. Li et al (2022) designed a magnetic levitation energy harvester based on the triple-magnet configuration, which has a broadband power generation capacity and can be installed outside of the clearance of the train to power the rail-side sensors. Kim (2020) proposed an electromagnetic energy harvesting device based on the resonant cantilever beam, which can be installed on the axle box of the high-speed train and applied to power the wireless sensor nodes in rail systems.…”

Control of the Magnetic Levitation System in Conditions of Stochastic Disturbances

“…Niewątpliwie spotkałoby się to z ogromnym zainteresowaniem. Obecnie zjawisko lewitacji używane jest na przykład w transporcie koleją magnetyczną [13]. W dzisiejszej automatyce wciąż rozwijane są badania nad sterowaniem oraz estymacją stanu w obiektach nieliniowych, spotykanych często w praktyce.…”

“…3. Block diagram of the considered control system with feedback from EKF (green colour indicates other way of feedback -directly from measurement) (13) wanego punktu pracy. Przyjęto zadane położenie x 10 , w celu wyznaczenia wektora stanu dla punktu równowagi przyrównano pochodne zmiennych stanu z (1) do zera.…”

“…Jednym z kluczowych czynników dla estymacji stanu algorytmem EKF jest dobór wariancji szumów pomiarowych oraz wewnętrznych leżących na diagonalach macierzy R i Q (13). Prawidłowy ich dobór zapewnia możliwość otrzymania estymaty wektora stanu bliższej wartościom prawdziwym niż zaszumiony pomiar.…”

Development and performance evaluation of a wheel-type cantilevered piezoelectric rotational energy harvester via an unfixed exciting magnet

“…Because of their wide application, unsustainable power supplies became a vital obstacle for the development of WSNs owing to costly replacement and environmental pollution of batteries (Jiang et al, 2020; Liao et al, 2022a; Zheng et al, 2021). Harvesting the surrounding available energy sources including vibration, rotation, airflow, ocean waves, machinery equipment, transportation infrastructure, and human motion is regarded as one of the promising alternatives to replace electrochemical batteries (Li et al, 2022; Liao et al, 2022b; Wu et al, 2018; Xia et al, 2022). To transform various forms of ambient energies into useful electric energy, a vital effort has been devoted to energy harvesting by exploiting the piezoelectric, electromagnetic, electrostatic, and triboelectric mechanisms (Chou et al, 2011; Harb, 2011; Zahid Kausar et al, 2014).…”