“…After this reaction takes place, the electrons trapped by the adsorbed oxygen go back the conduction band of ZnO and lead to a decrease in sensor resistance. However, it was reported that the dominant oxygen species above 300°C are O 2− ones [37], much more unstable and energetic than O 2 , O 2 − or O − species that dominate the oxygen chemisorption below 300°C [38,39] and thus, they could be accounted for the increased sensitivity at higher operating temperature due to an enhanced reaction with the ethanol molecules, similarly to formaldehyde [40]. The cross-response was further tested by exposing the ZnO films to other potential gases including CO, H 2 S, CO 2 , and NH 3 .…”