Investigation on novel wideband fractal antenna design based on cylindrical shape dielectric resonator

Abstract

This article explains a novel approach for achieving wideband characteristics in case of dielectric resonator antenna (DRA). Wideband characteristic has been realized by uniting the concept of vastu purusha mandala (VPM)-based fractal geometry with dielectric resonator antenna. VPM is Hindu religion-based fractal geometry, which provides the advantage of decrease in volume to surface area of the radiator. This concept is useful to enhance impedance bandwidth of proposed antenna. For the purpose of validation, prototype of proposed antenna design has been fabricated as well as tested. After experimental testing, it is confirmed that the proposed radiator functions over the frequency range 2.6-4.34 GHz with a percentage bandwidth of 46.52%. The proposed radiating arrangement provides peak gain of 6.3 dBi and stable far-field characteristics. All these features make it applicable for WiMAX application (3.3 GHz). K E Y W O R D Sdielectric resonator antenna, fractal shape, Q-factor, wideband antenna

Ultra wideband (UWB) dielectric resonator antenna using fractal‐inspired feeding mechanism

“…When designing large or multiband antennas, fractal geometry with its self‐similar compact structure and space‐filling capabilities can be utilized 10 . Several research publications on fractal geometry‐based dielectric resonators for wideband and ultrawideband applications are available in the open literatures 11–22 . By lowering the surface‐to‐volume ratio, fractal geometry is paired with DRAs to create broad impedance bandwidth.…”

“…Experimental evidence supporting Sierpinski carpet fractal‐patterned rectangular DRA functioning in the X‐band was given by Ghatak et al 20 Although the antenna has a tiny footprint, it only has a 48% bandwidth, and the removal of the small dielectric components is both time‐consuming and expensive. For the WiMAX application, a circular fractal geometry‐based DRA built on the Vastu Purusha Mandala (VPM) is devised and tested 21 . The proposed antenna structure is quite large and has a bandwidth of 50%.…”

Bandwidth enhanced deltoid leaf fractal antenna for 5.8 GHz WLAN applications

“…Fractal antenna model along with meander line transmission line is used to achieve wider bandwidth for L band applications in [11]. Cylindrical shaped DRA's are used to position them as fractal model to design wideband fractal antenna that covers from 2.6 GHz − 4.34 GHz in [12]. In [13], Koch fractals are used as metasurface slots to designed wideband antenna that covers from 1.45 GHz − 4.86 GHz.…”

Inverted Sierpinski Carpet fractal‐inspired dielectric resonator antenna for wideband applications

“…Fractal DRAs are also investigated by many researchers [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27] but suffer from low bandwidth, [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21] for example, 7.1-9.26, 13 2.3845-2.5083 and 3.4056-4.831, 14 3.5-5.0, 15 9.0-11.5, 16 2.23-3.1, 17 2.25-2.60 and 3.10-4.10, 18 5.52-10.72, 19 4.0864-10.49, 20 and 2.6-4.34 GHz. 21 Few other research articles proposed fractal geometry-based DRA in [22][23][24][25][26][27] and nonfractal-based DRA 28,29 having wide impedance bandwidth 23,24,27 but, two problems are associated with them: (i) complex fabrication process and (ii) high fabrication cost, for example, 4-10.1, 22 3.3-13.4, 23 2.8-12, 24 3.5-5.6, 25 4.32-6.30, …”

“…The proposed DRA having a compact structure confirms a wide impedance bandwidth of 3.5-10.34 GHz (i.e., 98.84%), a maximum gain of 7.01 dBi, and maximum radiation efficiency of 98% compared with existing DRAs. [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27] The variable gain and high radiation efficiency characteristics allow the proposed DRA to be applicable for cellular communication repeaters, local area networks (LANs), and vehicular communication, where mobile equipment can readily select the suitable radiation beamwidth and gain within the UWB range.…”