Investigation the Effect of Oxygenic Compounds on the Isomerization of Bioparaffins Over Pt/SAPO-11

Abstract

The production of gas oil blending components which a new application of the Pt/SAPO-11 is introduced, while the effect of oxygenic compounds on the isomerization of paraffin mixtures is highlighted. The experiments were carried out on 0.5% Pt/SAPO-11 catalyst at 300-380°C, 30-80 bar, liquid hourly space velocity = 0.75-2.0 h -1 and H 2 /hydrocarbon ratio = 400 Nm 3 /m 3 , while 0.25-5.0% oleic acid was added to the feedstock. At the favourable operational parameters the isoparaffins concentration of the products (cetane number: 78-86, cold filter plugging point: between -19 and -10°C) reached 65-72%, if the oleic acid content of the feedstock was lower than 0.5%. These isomer contents were significantly decreased by increasing the oleic acid content of the feedstock.

Produce Low Aromatic Contents with Enhanced Cold Properties of Hydrotreated Renewable Diesel Using Pt/Alumina-Beta-Zeolite: Reaction Path Studied via Monoaromatic Model Compound

“…Hydrotreated FAME in Gas Oil ( In recent decades, hydro-isomerisation of ULSD by noble metals on acidic solid catalyst like zeolites or silica aluminates in micro-or mesopore structure was used in refineries [6][7][8][9]. Zeolite synthesis with different crystalline structure and characteristics had widely studied and, its performance was investigate using hydro-isomerisation and hydrocracking on ZSM, Y-type, H-β, SAPO and MCM for branching the high molecular weight straight-chain hydrocarbons [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19]. Product shape selectivity mainly achieved through the crystalline pore structure and molecule size in pore diffusive diameter, but the acidity of catalyst play the main role in product distribution [13][14][15].The tuning of the acidic property of zeolite and extrudate was achieved by varying SiO 2 /Al 2 O 3 (or Si/Al) and the operating temperature.…”

“…The characteristics of the zeolite with alumina extrudate acted as acid catalysts, which undergo carbon-carbon rearrangement and hydrogenation. The noble metal functioned in hydrogenation-dehydrogenation catalytic mechanism [7].…”

“…In this context, either blending of FAME with diesel or direct hydrotreated FAME and vegetable oil produce higher-end straight-chain hydrocarbons like heptadecane (C 17 ) and octadecane (C 18 ), and the product was named ultralow sulphur diesel (ULSD). The C 17 and C 18 influence quick solidification at low temperatures and affects cold filter plugging point (CFPP) [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9]. Table 1 represents the properties of hydrotreating 5 wt% FAME blended with diesel, which produces ULSD less than 1 ppm of S content, 10 vol% aromatic content and −32 • C cloud point.Similarly, the coprocessing of a higher fraction of FAME in ULSD has to upgrade through branching hydrocarbon (n-alkanes to isoalkanes) by hydro-isomerisation and reduce the aromatic content by hydro-dearomatisation [3].…”

“…Also, Cl-incorporated H-β extrudate enhanced the ring saturation and suppressed the reaction path in oligomerisation and cyclisation of paraffin. This methodology achieved asingle-stage upgrading technique involved in the delivery of commercial diesel in the market with low cloud point and aromatic content.Energies 2019, 12, 2853 2 of 15 without modification of cetane number of diesel [4][5][6][7][8][9]. Hydro-dearomatisation, using the trickle-bed catalytic reactor, had hydrogenation of ring and cleavescarbon-carbon cyclic compounds at moderate temperature 250 • C in the presences of excess H 2 [5][6][7][8].…”

The effect of the charge pattern on the applicability of a nanopore as a sensor

“…The spectrum of molecules that can be detected with such devices is wide from inorganic ions [22,23,24,25,29,30,31], through amino acids [27,28], to sugars [35]. The correct detection of small amounts of such molecules and ions has practical significance in manufacturing engineering of high hydrogen and energy content alternative fuel components from bio resources [36].…”