Investigations of equatorial plasma bubbles as observed in the OI 630 nm nightglow emissions over off-equatorial and low-latitudinal locations over Indian longitudes

Saha, Sovan; Pallamraju, Duggirala; Ghodpage, Rupesh N.

doi:10.1016/j.asr.2022.08.023

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…The lifting of the ionospheric layer to higher altitudes due to strong PRE makes the base of the F layer conducive for RT‐instability. This situation is favorable for the occurrence and development of ionospheric plasma irregularities (Abdu et el., 2018; Saha et al., 2022). In the whole month, the highest number of EPBs are observed on the most geomagnetic active day (DOY 271).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

GOLD Mission's Observation About the Geomagnetic Storm Effects on the Nighttime Equatorial Ionization Anomaly (EIA) and Equatorial Plasma Bubbles (EPB) During a Solar Minimum Equinox

et al. 2023

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The equatorial ionization anomaly (EIA) (also known as the Appleton Anomaly) is a persistent ionospheric feature at equatorial and low latitudes (Appleton, 1946). The equatorial F region eastward electric fields ⃖⃖ ⃗ and horizontal northward magnetic fields ( 𝐴𝐴 ⃖⃖ ⃗ 𝐵𝐵 ) create a vertical, upward ( 𝐴𝐴 ⃖⃖ ⃗ 𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸 ⃖⃖ ⃗ 𝐵𝐵 ) drift over the magnetic equator. Due to this vertical drift, the ionospheric plasma moves to higher altitudes and diffuses along the magnetic field lines to low latitudes. The overall effect is known as the fountain effect (Hanson & Moffett, 1966;Martyn, 1955). The plasma density shows a minimum at the magnetic equator and two maxima around 15°-20° north and south of it. This creates a double-peaked structure in the latitudinal distribution of the F region plasma with crests on each side and a trough over the magnetic equator, which is called the EIA.During geomagnetic disturbances, several storm-induced electric fields (e.g., prompt penetration electric field [PPEF], disturbance dynamo electric fields [DDEF]) contribute to the ionospheric electric fields over the equatorial and low latitude regions. During southward conditions of interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) Bz, effects of the Y-component (dawn-dusk) of interplanetary electric field (IEF) can reach equatorial and low latitudes. The

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%