Investigations of rheology and a link to microstructure of oil-based drilling fluids

Ansari, Manizheh; Turney, Damon E.; Morris, Jeffrey F.; Banerjee, Sanjoy

doi:10.1016/j.petrol.2020.108031

Cited by 19 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…If the Peclet number is high, then flow is fast enough to prevent any formation of microstructure or aggregate which can stop the flow or make the flow more difficult (increase of viscosity). We thus observe that the definition of such a number allow us to define two regimes of flow of Brownian suspensions which are separated by a critical shear rate, which is a function of temperature and viscosity of the suspending medium [4].…”

Section: Flow Curves Analyses At Atmospheric and Hpht Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These include the static test cell, standard viscometers, and lab-scale flow loops among others [33,37]. More advanced methods using rotational rheometers have also been tested [4,16,29,44]. Whereas most authors have attempted to correlate sag to rheological data [24,30,31,39,48], others also investigated the relationship between drilling operating parameters and sag [21,28,35,41,47].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Rheology assessment and barite sag in a typical North Sea oil-based drilling fluid at HPHT conditions

Ofei

N’gouamba

Opedal

et al. 2023

Korea-Aust. Rheol. J.

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The occurrence of barite sag in drilling fluids has relatively often been the cause for gas kicks in oilwell drilling. The subsequent absorption of gas into drilling fluid could lower the density and reduce the viscosity of the drilling fluid, thereby aggravating both pressure control and hole cleaning. In this paper, we present experimental measurements of rheological properties and barite sag in a typical North Sea oil-based drilling fluid at downhole pressure and temperature conditions. A new experimental apparatus was setup for barite sag measurements at static condition with operational temperature and pressure capabilities up to 200 °C (392°F) and 1000 bar (14,503.8 psi), respectively. Rheometry measurements were conducted on fluid samples with and without barite particles at operating conditions up to 90 °C and 100 bar. We observed that at a typical shear rate of 250 s−1, which is experienced in 8.5″ hole annulus, the viscosity of fluid sample with barite increased nearly three times as that of the fluid sample without barite as the temperature and pressure increased. However, temperature effect on viscosity dominates at high shear rates compared to pressure effect. Furthermore, the fluid samples showed more shear-thinning effect with increasing yield stress as the temperature increased. On the other hand, barite sag measurements revealed that whereas fluid samples under high pressure are less prone to sag, high temperature fluid samples, however, promote sag significantly. The data from this study are useful to validate extrapolations used in computational models and to improve understanding and operational safety of sag phenomena at downhole conditions. We also discuss the importance of this study in optimizing drilling operations.

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Section: Flow Curves Analyses At Atmospheric and Hpht Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rheology assessment and barite sag in a typical North Sea oil-based drilling fluid at HPHT conditions

Ofei

N’gouamba

Opedal

et al. 2023

Korea-Aust. Rheol. J.

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“…Zhifeng Luo [ 21 ] used diethylene triamine penta acetic acid (DTPA) and low-molecular compounds to prepare the chelating agent SA-20 to remove barium sulfate scaling, using physical crushing and chemical dissolution to treat barium sulfate scale effectively. However, most of the solid phase particles are encapsulated in the oil phase, and it is difficult for the chelating agent to make contact with it, so the full effect of the treatment cannot be achieved [ 22 ]. Therefore, the use of chemical agents to decompose organic matter in sludge is the most widely used treatment method.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Nano-Cleaning Fluid for Downhole Casing Cleaning

Song

Zhang

et al. 2023

Polymers

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In drilling and completion projects, sludge is formed as a byproduct when barite and oil are mixed, and later sticks to the casing. This phenomenon has caused a delay in drilling progress, and increased exploration and development costs. Since nano-emulsions have low interfacial surface tension, wetting, and reversal capabilities, this study used nano-emulsions with a particle size of about 14 nm to prepare a cleaning fluid system. This system enhances stability through the network structure in the fiber-reinforced system, and prepares a set of nano-cleaning fluids with adjustable density for ultra-deep wells. The effective viscosity of the nano-cleaning fluid reaches 11 mPa·s, and the system is stable for up to 8 h. In addition, this research independently developed an indoor evaluation instrument. Based on on-site parameters, the performance of the nano-cleaning fluid was evaluated from multiple angles by heating to 150 °C and pressurizing to 3.0 Mpa to simulate downhole temperature and pressure. The evaluation results show that the viscosity and shear value of the nano-cleaning fluid system is greatly affected by the fiber content, and the cleaning efficiency is greatly affected by the concentration of the nano-emulsion. Curve fitting shows that the average processing efficiency could reach 60–85% within 25 min and the cleaning efficiency has a linear relationship with time. The cleaning efficiency has a linear relationship with time, where R2 = 0.98335. The nano-cleaning fluid enables the deconstruction and carrying of the sludge attached to the well wall, which accomplishes the purpose of downhole cleaning.

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“…Each rock matrix requires the use of an appropriate drilling fluid formulation that suits its properties. Water-based drilling fluids (WBDFs) are preferred considering environmental and economic effects, whereas oil-based drilling fluids (OBDFs) are normally required under high-temperature and high-pressure (HTHP) conditions and in wells of water-sensitive clays/shales, and provide better lubricity and prevent corrosion of metal parts [ 1 , 2 , 3 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polymer-Decorated Cellulose Nanocrystals as Environmentally Friendly Additives for Olefin-Based Drilling Fluids

Pinheiro

Marques

Villetti

et al. 2020

IJMS

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In this study, we intended to evaluate the performance of olefin-based drilling fluids after addition of cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) derivatives. For this purpose, firstly, cellulose nanocrystals, produced from sulfuric acid hydrolysis of cotton fibers, were functionalized with poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) chains via free radicals. The samples were then characterized via Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), confocal microscopy, dynamic light scattering (DLS), and zeta potential measurements in water. The FTIR and NMR spectra exhibited the characteristic signals of CNC and PNIPAM groups, indicating successful grafting. As expected, X-ray diffractograms showed that the crystallinity of CNCs reduces after chemical modification. TGA revealed that the surface-functionalized CNCs present higher thermal stability than pure CNCs. The confocal microscopy, zeta potential, and DLS results were consistent with the behavior of cellulose nanocrystals decorated by a shell of PNIPAM chains. The fluids with a small amount of modified CNCs presented a much lower volume of filtrate after high-temperature and high-pressure (HTHP) filtration tests than the corresponding standard fluid, indicating the applicability of the environmentally friendly particles for olefin-based drilling fluids.

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Investigations of rheology and a link to microstructure of oil-based drilling fluids

Cited by 19 publications

References 20 publications

Rheology assessment and barite sag in a typical North Sea oil-based drilling fluid at HPHT conditions

Rheology assessment and barite sag in a typical North Sea oil-based drilling fluid at HPHT conditions

A Nano-Cleaning Fluid for Downhole Casing Cleaning

Polymer-Decorated Cellulose Nanocrystals as Environmentally Friendly Additives for Olefin-Based Drilling Fluids

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