Investigations on cytokines and proteins in lactating cows with and without naturally occurring mastitis

Shaheen, Tabasum; Ahmad, Sheikh Bilal; Rehman, Muneeb U.; Muzamil, Showkeen; Bhat, Rahil Razak; Hussain, Ishraq; Bashir, Nazirah; Mir, Manzoor Ur Rahman; Paray, Bilal Ahamad; Dawood, Mahmoud A.O.

doi:10.1016/j.jksus.2020.07.009

Cited by 21 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…It was found to be much higher in milk samples from which S. aureus and E. coli grew. Contrary to the study of Shaheen et al [24], Chockalingam et al [8] reported that the concentration of TGF-β1 increased with the aggravation of the infection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 61%

“…TNF-α, a pro-inflammatory cytokine, has been reported to increase in both naturally occurring [25] and experimentally mastitis [3]. A higher TNF-α concentration was found in clinical and subclinical mastitis groups compared to healthy milk samples [24]. And even in clinical mastitis, TNF-α concentration increased more than in subclinical mastitis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

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Changes in Somatic Cell Count, Composition and Cytokine Levels in Milk from Cows with Mastitis Due to Mixed Infections

Safak

Rişvanlı

2021

Acta Scientiae. Vet.

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Background: Mastitis is a mammary gland inflammation that is very common worldwide, mostly caused by bacteria, and causes enormous economic losses. Many microorganisms cause this disease. The most common causes of mastitis by these microorganisms are Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Streptococcus agalactiae (S. agalactiae). The anti-inflammatory properties of transforming growth factor (TGF)-β include: 1) limiting interferon (IFN)-γ production; 2) increasing the expression of the ınterleukine (IL)-1 receptor antagonist; 3) inhibiting macrophage production of chemokines, pro-inflammatory cytokines, nitric oxide, and reactive oxygen intermediates; and 4) increasing macrophage clearance of bacterial debris and damaged parenchymal cells. It is stated that cytokines and milk composition change in case of mastitis. In this study, it was aimed to reveal the changes in milk TGF-β1 and Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α concentrations and milk composition in mixed infections caused by three pathogens causing mastitis.Materials, Methods & Results: In this study, milk samples from 90 cows were divided into 5 groups. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and TGF-β1 concentrations and milk composition were determined in these milk samples. The California Mastitis Test (CMT) was applied to the cows included in the study and scoring was done. According to the CMT results of the milk samples taken, CMT(-) cows were included in group 1 (n = 22). Those with the CMT(+) were taken to the microbiology laboratory for analysis within 2 h. After the bacteria was determined, combination groupings were formed. Group 2 (n = 17) with S. aureus and E. coli, group 3 (n = 21), S. agalactiae with S. aureus, S. agalactiae and E. coli together, group 4 (n = 8) and CMT (+) but no bacterial growth formed group 5 (n = 22).Somatic cell counts were made in the milk samples taken from the cows belonging to the groupings. Somatic cell count was measured with the DeLaval Cell Counter® (Cell Counter DCC) device. Mineral matter, fat, protein, lactose, electrical conductivity and specific gravity were measured in milk samples using Lactoscan Milk Analyzer (Milkotronic/EUROPE). Milk samples were then stored at -80°C to measure TGF-β1 and TNF-α. Tumor necrosis factor-α and TGF-β1 concentrations in milk samples were measured using ELISA kits (Sunred Biological Technology).Discussion: Changes in milk TNF-α and TGF-β1 concentration and milk composition were determined in milk samples with mastitis caused by mixed infection. The TNF-α concentration of group 4 was higher than the other groups. On the other hand, the highest concentration of TGF-β1 was found in group 2. While the number of somatic cells in group 1 was lower than in groups 2, 3, and 4, there was no statistical difference between groups 1 and 5. The lowest milk fat ratio was found in group 1, and it was found to be statistically lower than groups 2, 3, and 4. While the rate of solid-non-fat of group 1 increased compared to groups 2 and 3, the highest protein ratio was found in groups 1 and 5. There was no difference between the 5 groups in terms of mineral matter ratios. While the specific gravity was highest in group 1, there was no statistical difference between the other 4 groups. Overall, it was concluded that there was an increase in TNF-α and TGF-β1 concentrations and a change in milk composition in samples with bacterial growth.Keywords: bovine mastitis, cytokine, milk composition, raw milk, transforming growth factor.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 61%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Changes in Somatic Cell Count, Composition and Cytokine Levels in Milk from Cows with Mastitis Due to Mixed Infections

Safak

Rişvanlı

2021

Acta Scientiae. Vet.

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“…evaluated Holstein cows around two months before and after calving and observed that those cows with RP had lower IL-6 blood concentrations than those without RP; they believed that the reduction in IL-6 before parturition could be a tool to predict progesterone receptors after parturition. In contrast,Shaheen et al (2020) observed an increase in the levels of cytokines as IL-2 and IL-6 in lactating crossbreed cows diagnosed with CM. Interestingly, no difference in the expression of chemokine CCL5 was observed between healthy, RP and CM groups Fagundes et al (2019).…”

mentioning

confidence: 64%

“…In the present study the expression of IL-1β was evaluated at 45 DPP, unlike Fischer et al(2010) who evaluated it early in the puerperium (21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27), demonstrating that the effects on the expression of IL-1β may extend for longer after the disease. Shaheen et al (2020) found an increase in the levels of TNF-α and IL-1β in crossbred dairy cows with subclinical and clinical mastitis, suggesting their role in the early stage of the development of mastitis. IL-1β is an important cytokine, as it activates vascular endothelial cells and has the capacity to promote the in ltration of in ammatory cells (Dinarello, 2002) and stimulate the release of acute-phase proteins such as haptoglobin, serum amyloid A protein, ceruloplasmin and C-reactive protein by the liver (Heinrich et al, 1990).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Effect of Retained Placenta And Clinical Mastitis On Reproduction Parameters, Immune Response And Steroidogenic Receptors Gene Expression In Postpartum Crossbred Crossbreed Dairy Cows

Ramos

Rezende

Alvarenga

et al. 2021

Preprint

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The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of retained placenta (RP) and clinical mastitis (CM) on the reproductive efficiency of crossbred dairy cows during the postpartum period and to investigate the effect of them in some innate immune system indicators. For this, in the first experiment a total of 232 crossbred dairy cows were evaluated and divided into three groups as: healthy control, RP and CM. The incidence of RP and CM was evaluated after parturition until 30 days postpartum (DPP) and reproductive rates were measured. In experiment 2, 30 crossbred dairy cows were divided into three groups as in Experiment 1. Between 40 and 50 DPP, clinical, gynecological examination and endometrial cytobrush were performed to evaluate subclinical endometritis and gene expression of interleukin- 1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), chemokine ligand -5 (CCL5), estrogen α (ESR1) and progesterone (PGR) receptors by qRT-PCR analysis. In Experiment 1, the conception rate at 1st AI was lower in RP and CM groups and pregnancy rate at 150 days decreased in cows with CM. Calving-to-1st AI interval and days open were shorter in healthy cows. In Experiment 2 the occurrence of subclinical endometritis was 26.7% and was higher in cows with RP and CM. The expression of IL-1β was increased in RP and CM groups, while IL-6 was less expressed in RP group. The chemokine CCL5, ESR1 and PGR were similar between groups. In conclusion, cows with RP and CM had their reproductive efficiency negatively affected and had they initial pro-inflammatory response improved by the increase of IL-β, while, IL-6 was lower in animals with RP probably because it was evaluated later in the postpartum.

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“…Treatment of clinical mastitis is one of the costliest items in dairy farm budget. Antibiotic therapy is conventionally believed to be the most effective treatment method [8], however, despite the fast observed effect after treatment there are often recurrences that can be caused by reduction of the period of antibiotics use (after elimination of obvious clinical signs of mastitis treatment with antibiotics is stopped in order to prevent them from getting into milk) [9]. However, even after successful treatment it is extremely difficult to restore the former productivity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The use of biopreparations in the therapy of mastitis in cows

Семенов

Stepanova

Kondruchina

et al. 2021

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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With the aim of improving productive potential of black pied cattle, preventing and treating clinical mastitis we used biopreparations developed by scientists of the Federal State Budgetary Establishment of Higher Education ‘Chuvash State Agrarian University’: Prevention-N-E and Prevention-N-B-S, as well as Mastinol, homeopathic medicinal product for treatment of mastitis. It follows from the results of our studies that the biological preparations used in the experiments did not influence the physiological condition of animals but activated cell factors of non-specific organism protection. The most obvious effect was demonstrated by Prevention-N-B-S, rather than Prevention-N-E, however this difference was insignificant (P>0.05). Prevention of mastitis in cows with Prevention-N-B-S biopreparation turned out to be more effective than with Prevention-N-E and Mastinol. Recovery of one cow of the 1st experimental group treated by Prevention-N-E took place in 4±0.08 days, which is 7±52 less than in the 3rd experimental group, where Mastinol was used. Atrophy of an udder lobe was observed in one cow in the 3rd experimental group. As a result, the issue of pathogenetic therapy of mastitis in cows is still relevant and we plan to solve it with the use of immunostimulants.

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Investigations on cytokines and proteins in lactating cows with and without naturally occurring mastitis

Cited by 21 publications

References 38 publications

Changes in Somatic Cell Count, Composition and Cytokine Levels in Milk from Cows with Mastitis Due to Mixed Infections

Changes in Somatic Cell Count, Composition and Cytokine Levels in Milk from Cows with Mastitis Due to Mixed Infections

Effect of Retained Placenta And Clinical Mastitis On Reproduction Parameters, Immune Response And Steroidogenic Receptors Gene Expression In Postpartum Crossbred Crossbreed Dairy Cows

The use of biopreparations in the therapy of mastitis in cows

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