“…The need to solve the problem of emission of hazard gases, which come out of conventional vapor refrigerators, results in increased interest in functioning magnetic refrigerator (MR), the idea of which depends on functioning magnetocaloric effect (MCE) (Dhahri et al, 2014;El-Sayed and Hamad, 2019a;El-Sayed and Hamad, 2019b;Ahmed et al, 2021a, Ahmed et al, 2021bHamad et al, 2021;Jebari et al, 2021), because the MR provides high efficiency for cooling without any negative impact on the environment and has low energy consumption, availability of mechanical stability, and fewer noise events during cooling operation (Dhahri et al, 2015;Hamad, 2015a;ErchidiElyacoubi et al, 2018a, ErchidiElyacoubi et al, 2018bHamad et al, 2020;Sharma et al, 2020;Belhamra et al, 2021). MCE is described as a change in magnetic entropy (ΔS M ) with a variation in the external magnetic field (H ext ) exerted on the material, causing a change in temperature (Masrour et al, 2016;ErchidiElyacoubi et al, 2018c;Kadim et al, 2020, Kadim et al, 2021a, Kadim et al, 2021b.…”