Invited Commentary: Social Mechanisms, Race, and Social Epidemiology

Muntaner, Carles

doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a009970

Cited by 82 publications

(89 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…While this approach may provide valuable insights into the mechanisms involved, and in some cases even suggest potential interventions, it obviously cannot answer questions of why socioeconomic inequalities in health exist across societies and historical contexts Muntaner, 1999;Muntaner & Lynch, 1999;Lynch, Davey Smith, Kaplan & House, 2000). To answer questions of why socioeconomic disparities in health exist at all, we must continue to investigate the historical, political, economic, and social processes that differentially allocate negative health exposures and protective health resources across different groups in the population (Link & Phelan, 1995;Davey Smith 1996;Lynch, 2000).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Socioeconomic disparities in health change in a longitudinal study of US adults: the role of health-risk behaviors

Lantz

Lynch

House

et al. 2001

Social Science & Medicine

350

198

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This study investigated the hypothesis that socioeconomic differences in health status change can largely be explained by the higher prevalence of individual health-risk behaviors among those of lower socioeconomic position. Data were from the Americans' Changing Lives study, a longitudinal survey of 3617 adults representative of the US noninstitutionalized population in 1986. The authors examined associations between income and education in 1986, and physical functioning and self-rated health in 1994, adjusted for baseline health status, using a multinomial logistic regression framework that considered mortality and survey nonresponse as competing risks. Covariates included age, sex, race, cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption, physical activity, and Body Mass Index. Both income and education were strong predictors of poor health outcomes. The four health-risk behaviors under study statistically explained only a modest portion of the socioeconomic differences in health at follow-up. For example, after adjustment for baseline health status, those in the lowest income group at baseline had odds of moderate/severe functional impairment in 1994 of 2.11 (95% C.I.: 1.40, 3.20) in an unadjusted model and 1.89 (95% C.I.: 1.23, 2.89) in a model adjusted for health-risk behaviors. The results suggest that the higher prevalence of major health-risk behaviors among those in lower socioeconomic strata is not the dominant mediating mechanism that can explain socioeconomic disparities in health status among US adults. #

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Socioeconomic disparities in health change in a longitudinal study of US adults: the role of health-risk behaviors

Lantz

Lynch

House

et al. 2001

Social Science & Medicine

350

198

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…variables that can be manipulated contrary to gender. Similarly, the Black/White dichotomy is a case of social relations, and these can eventually be changed over time (Muntaner, 1999). Even if we agree with this view, this proposal can nevertheless hardly be extended to all the cases of attributes as causes.…”

Section: Manipulationmentioning

confidence: 87%

Inferring Causality through Counterfactuals in Observational Studies - Some Epistemological Issues

Russo

Wunsch

2011

Bulletin of Sociological Methodology/Bulletin de Méthodologie S

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This paper contributes to the debate on the virtues and vices of counterfactuals as a basis for causal inference. The goal is to put the counterfactual approach in an epistemological perspective. We discuss a number of issues, ranging from its non-observable basis to the parallelisms drawn between the counterfactual approach in statistics and in philosophy. We argue that the question is not to oppose or to endorse the counterfactual approach as a matter of principle, but to decide what modelling framework is best to adopt depending on the research context.

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“…En este caso sí sería aceptable una distribución contrafactual, dado el efecto de la distribución para blancos siendo hipotéticamente negros. Este tipo de análisis resulta absurdo para la variable raza/etnia 31,16 .…”

Section: A R T í C U L Ounclassified

Consideraciones acerca del uso de la variable etnia/raza en investigación epidemiológica para la Salud Pública: A propósito de investigaciones en inequidades

López

2008

Rev. méd. Chile

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Invited Commentary: Social Mechanisms, Race, and Social Epidemiology

Cited by 82 publications

References 51 publications

Socioeconomic disparities in health change in a longitudinal study of US adults: the role of health-risk behaviors

Socioeconomic disparities in health change in a longitudinal study of US adults: the role of health-risk behaviors

Inferring Causality through Counterfactuals in Observational Studies - Some Epistemological Issues

Consideraciones acerca del uso de la variable etnia/raza en investigación epidemiológica para la Salud Pública: A propósito de investigaciones en inequidades

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