Invited paper: Characterization of few mode fibers and devices

Abstract

This paper reviews characterization techniques for few mode fibers and components. The focus is on interferometric techniques including spatial and spectral resolved imaging (S 2 ). Simple interferometric measurements are shown to be able to give quite comprehensive information including measurement of relative group delay. A new improved algorithm for analyzing S 2 data for the case of only two modes is presented. The effect of polarization and rotation of asymmetric modes is treated as well.

Modeling of MIMO Less Mode Division Multiplexed Systems

“…3. This can be explained by the interference in the connected few mode system, where the crosstalk varies versus wavelength with a wavelength period λ B [10]:…”

Air-cladded mode-group selective photonic lanterns for mode-division multiplexing

“…Repeating the measurement on a finer wavelength range reveals that the large variation in the SMF loss in Fig. 9(b) is due to the modal interference between the LP 01 and LP 11 mode [16] .The LPG has a higher suppression ratio of 25 dB around 1550 nm and hence the amplitude of oscillation is lower at the center. Both the multiplexing and de-multiplexing loss is seen to be largely wavelength independent over the C-band.…”

Few-Mode Fiber Characterization System Based on the Spatially and Spectrally Imaging Technique

“…In the future, based on this system, the influence of external physical factors on the mode of the FMF can be continued to explore. For example, the effect of bending [26,27] and twisting [28] on modes of the FMF, the impact of polarization and rotation on asymmetric modes [29], etc. In addition, some critical factors on the modes of FMFs can be tested in this experiment setup, such as the offset distance, temperature [30], perturbation.…”