Involvement of metabolites in early defense mechanism of oil palm ( Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) against Ganoderma disease

Nusaibah, S. A.; Akmar, A. Siti Nor; Idris, Abu Seman; Meon, Sariah; Pauzi, Z. Mohamad

doi:10.1016/j.plaphy.2016.09.014

Cited by 51 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Each biological replicate consisted of pooled RNA provided equally from six constituent seedlings. Instead of mathematical averaging of individual sample, biological averaging is more cost e cient and commonly practiced in the attempt of reducing high biological variability among samples in RNA-seq studies [99]. Pooling bias can be reduced by using three to eight biological individual samples per pool with two pools per treatment group [100].…”

Section: Plant Materials and Fungal Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

EgJUB1 and EgERF113 transcription factors as master regulators of defense response in Elaeis guineensis against the hemibiotrophic Ganoderma boninense

Sakeh

Abdullah

Bahari

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background Hemibiotrophic pathogen such as the fungal pathogen Ganoderma boninense that is destructive to oil palm, manipulates host defense mechanism by strategically switching from biotrophic to necrotrophic phase. Our previous study revealed two distinguishable expression profiles of oil palm genes that formed the basis in deducing biotrophic phase at early interaction which switched to necrotrophic phase at later stage of infection. Results The present report is a continuing study from our previous published transcriptomic profiling of oil palm seedlings against G. boninense. We focused on identifying differentially expressed genes (DEGs) encoding transcription factors (TFs) from the same RNA-seq data resulting in 106 upregulated and 108 downregulated TFs being identified. DEGs involved in four established defense-related pathways are presented which are responsible in cell wall modification, reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated signaling, programmed cell death (PCD) and plant innate immunity. We discovered upregulation of JUNGBRUNNEN 1 (EgJUB1) during fungal biotrophic phase while Ethylene Responsive Factor 113 (EgERF113) demonstrated prominent upregulation when the palm switches to defense against necrotrophic phase. EgJUB1 was shown to have binding activity to a 19 bp palindromic SNBE1 element, WNNYBTNNNNNNNAMGNHW found in the promoter region of co-expressing EgHSFC-2b. Further in silico analysis of promoter regions revealed co-expression of EgJUB1 with TFs containing SNBE1 element with single nucleotide change at either the 5th or 18th position. Meanwhile, EgERF113 binds to both GCC and DRE/CRT elements promoting plasticity in upregulating the downstream defense-related genes. Both TFs were proven to be nuclear localized based on subcellular localization experiment using onion epidermal cells. Conclusion Our findings demonstrated unprecedented transcriptional reprogramming of specific TFs potentially to enable regulation of specific set of genes during different infection phases of this hemibiotrophic fungal pathogen. The results propose EgJUB1 and EgERF113 as key TFs in orchestrating the defense mechanisms during biotrophic and during the subsequent transition to necrotrophic phase, respectively. Identification of these phase-specific oil palm TFs is important in designing strategies to tackle or attenuate the progress of infection.

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Section: Plant Materials and Fungal Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

EgJUB1 and EgERF113 transcription factors as master regulators of defense response in Elaeis guineensis against the hemibiotrophic Ganoderma boninense

Sakeh

Abdullah

Bahari

et al. 2020

Preprint

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“…Given their key importance, these metabolite responses could also be used as "biomarkers" to indicate the health or disease status in plants and provide further insight into the pathogenicity of the disease agent. Using gas chromatography-coupled mass spectrometry (GC-MS), metabolite biomarkers have been identified for plant diseases such as Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (Sade et al, 2014), Ganoderma disease in oil palm (Nusaibah, Siti Nor Akmar, Idris, Sariah, & Mohamad, 2016), and Fusarium infection in maize (Sherif et al, 2016). For Armillaria disease, pine seedlings infected with Armillaria ostoyae exhibited distinct levels of certain metabolites 9-month post-inoculation despite there being no visible symptoms (Isidorov, Lech, Żółciak, Rusak, & Szczepaniak, 2008).…”

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confidence: 99%

Comparative metabolomics implicates threitol as a fungal signal supporting colonization of Armillaria luteobubalina on eucalypt roots

Wong-Bajracharya

Plett

Natera

et al. 2019

Plant Cell & Environment

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Armillaria root rot is a fungal disease that affects a wide range of trees and crops around the world. Despite being a widespread disease, little is known about the plant molecular responses towards the pathogenic fungi at the early phase of their interaction. With recent research highlighting the vital roles of metabolites in plant root–microbe interactions, we sought to explore the presymbiotic metabolite responses of Eucalyptus grandis seedlings towards Armillaria luteobuablina, a necrotrophic pathogen native to Australia. Using a metabolite profiling approach, we have identified threitol as one of the key metabolite responses in E. grandis root tips specific to A. luteobubalina that were not induced by three other species of soil‐borne microbes of different lifestyle strategies (a mutualist, a commensalist, and a hemi‐biotrophic pathogen). Using isotope labelling, threitol detected in the Armillaria‐treated root tips was found to be largely derived from the fungal pathogen. Exogenous application of d‐threitol promoted microbial colonization of E. grandis and triggered hormonal responses in root cells. Together, our results support a role of threitol as an important metabolite signal during eucalypt‐Armillaria interaction prior to infection thus advancing our mechanistic understanding on the earliest stage of Armillaria disease development. Comparative metabolomics of eucalypt roots interacting with a range of fungal lifestyles identified threitol enrichment as a specific characteristic of Armillaria pathogenesis. Our findings suggest that threitol acts as one of the earliest fungal signals promoting Armillaria colonization of roots.

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“…The application of transcriptomics, proteomics and metabolomics has been employed to investigate the interactions between oil palm and G. boninense fungus (Nusaibah et al, 2016;Dzulkafli et al, 2016;Tee et al, 2013;Nurazah et al, 2013;Alizadeh et al, 2011;As'wad et al, 2011). Table 3 lists differentially expressed proteins in both oil palm roots and G. boninense during several separate inoculation experiments which are responsible for the survival of both the host and the pathogen.…”

Section: Omics Revolution In Oil Palm Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Post-Genomic Technologies for the Advancement of Oil Palm Research

Masura¹

2018

JOPR

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Involvement of metabolites in early defense mechanism of oil palm ( Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) against Ganoderma disease

Cited by 51 publications

References 36 publications

EgJUB1 and EgERF113 transcription factors as master regulators of defense response in Elaeis guineensis against the hemibiotrophic Ganoderma boninense

EgJUB1 and EgERF113 transcription factors as master regulators of defense response in Elaeis guineensis against the hemibiotrophic Ganoderma boninense

Comparative metabolomics implicates threitol as a fungal signal supporting colonization of Armillaria luteobubalina on eucalypt roots

Post-Genomic Technologies for the Advancement of Oil Palm Research

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