Involvement of the Hippocampus in Binge Ethanol-Induced Spleen Atrophy in Adolescent Rats

Liu, Xiangqian; Connaghan, Kaitlyn P.; Wei, Yufeng; Yang, Zhongli; Li, Ming D.; Chang, Sulie L.

doi:10.1111/acer.13109

Cited by 17 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Binge alcohol (blood alcohol content B.A.C ≥ 0.08%) elevates expression of proinflammatory cytokines, IL-1β and IL-6, and chemokine CCL-2 (MCP-1) [ 98 ]. Binge alcohol can also damage various organs, including the gut, liver, and brain [ 99 ], and lead to spleen atrophy in a hippocampus-mediated fashion [ 100 ]. As suggested in a comparative risk assessment using the margin of exposure (MOE) benchmark, alcohol is considered to have the highest risk of mortality [ 101 ].…”

Section: Effects Of Commonly Abused Substances On Covid-19mentioning

confidence: 99%

Substance Use Disorder in the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Systematic Review of Vulnerabilities and Complications

2020

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As the world endures the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, the conditions of 35 million vulnerable individuals struggling with substance use disorders (SUDs) worldwide have not received sufficient attention for their special health and medical needs. Many of these individuals are complicated by underlying health conditions, such as cardiovascular and lung diseases and undermined immune systems. During the pandemic, access to the healthcare systems and support groups is greatly diminished. Current research on COVID-19 has not addressed the unique challenges facing individuals with SUDs, including the heightened vulnerability and susceptibility to the disease. In this systematic review, we will discuss the pathogenesis and pathology of COVID-19, and highlight potential risk factors and complications to these individuals. We will also provide insights and considerations for COVID-19 treatment and prevention in patients with SUDs.

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Section: Effects Of Commonly Abused Substances On Covid-19mentioning

confidence: 99%

Substance Use Disorder in the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Systematic Review of Vulnerabilities and Complications

2020

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“…However, ethanol long-term exposure and withdrawal display compensatory physiological mechanisms to balance neurotransmissions, through negative regulation of GABA A receptors, increased expression of NMDA receptors and loss of glutamate reuptake glial function, which results in overstimulation of CNS, known as excitotoxicity [46,[48][49][50][51].…”

Section: Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Ganoderma lucidumAmeliorates Neurobehavioral Changes and Oxidative Stress Induced by Ethanol Binge Drinking

Nascimento

Luz

Silva

et al. 2020

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

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Ganoderma lucidum, mushroom used for centuries by Asian peoples as food supplement, has been shown interesting biological activities, including over the Central Nervous System. Besides, these mushroom bioactive compounds present antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. On the side, binge drinking paradigm consists of ethanol exposure that reflects the usual consumption of adolescents, which elicits deleterious effects, determined by high ethanol consumption, in a short period. In this study, we investigated whether the Aqueous Extract of G. lucidum (AEGl) reduces the behavioral disorders induced by alcohol. Male (n=30) and female Wistar rats (n=40), seventy-two days old, were used for behavioral/biochemical and oral toxicity test, respectively. Animals were exposed to 5 binges (beginning at 35 days old) of ethanol (3 g/kg/day) or distilled water. Twenty-four hours after the last binge administration, animals received AEGl (100 mg/kg/day) or distilled water for three consecutive days. After treatment protocol, open field, elevated plus maze, forced swim, and step-down inhibitory avoidance tests were performed. Oxidative stress parameters were measured to evaluate the REDOX balance. Our results demonstrated that AEGl elicited the recovery of spontaneous horizontal exploration capacity, anxiogenic- and depressive-profile, as well as short-term memory damage induced by binge-ethanol exposure. The behavioral effects of the extract were associated to the reequilibrium of the animals’ REDOX balance. Thus, AEGl, a medicinal mushroom, ameliorates behavioral alteration on a model of motor, cognitive and psychiatric-like disorders induced by binge drinking paradigm and emerges as a useful tool as a food supplement in the management of disorders of alcoholic origin.

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“…In the present study, adolescent C57BL/6J mice were given binge-like exposure to high-dose, high-concentration EtOH for 3d by intragastric (i.g.) injection to mimic underage binge alcohol drinking, such as over a weekend (40). The blood EtOH concentration (BEC) after single and repeated EtOH administration was measured.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Binge-Like Exposure to Ethanol Enhances Morphine's Anti-nociception in B6 Mice

Chang

Huang

Han³

et al. 2019

Front. Psychiatry

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Elevation of the blood ethanol concentration (BEC) to > 80 mg/dL (17.4 mM) after binge drinking enhances inflammation in brain and neuroimmune signaling pathways. Morphine abuse is frequently linked to excessive drinking. Morphine exerts its actions mainly via the seven transmembrane G-protein-coupled mu opioid receptors (MORs). Opioid use disorders (OUDs) include combination of opioids with alcohol, leading to opioid overdose-related deaths. We hypothesized that binge drinking potentiates onset and progression of OUD. Using C57BL/6J (B6) mice, we first characterized time-dependent inflammatory gene expression change as molecular markers using qRT-PCR within 24 h after binge-like exposure to high-dose, high-concentration ethanol (EtOH). The mice were given one injection of EtOH (5 g/kg, 42% v/v, i.g.) and sacrificed at 2.5 h, 5 h, 7.5 h, or 24 h later. Inflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and IL-18 were elevated in both the striatum (STr) and the nucleus accumbens (NAc) of the mice. We then investigated the expression profile of MOR in the STr at 2 min, 5 h, or 24 h after the first EtOH injection and at 24 h and 48 h after the third injection. This binge-like exposure to EtOH upregulated MOR expression in the STr and NAc, an effect that could enhance morphine's anti-nociception. Therefore, we examined the impact of binge-like exposure to EtOH on morphine's anti-nociception at the behavioral level. The mice were treated with or without 3-d binge-like exposure to EtOH, and the anti-nociceptive changes were evaluated using the hot-plate test 24 h after the final (3rd) EtOH injection with or without a cumulative subcutaneous dose (0, 0.1, 0.3, 1.0, and 3.0 mg/kg) of morphine at intervals of 30 min. The response curve of the mice given EtOH was shifted to the left, showing enhanced latency to response to morphine up to 3 mg/kg. Furthermore, co-treatment with the MOR antagonist naltrexone blocked morphine's anti-nociception in animals given either EtOH or saline. This confirms that MOR is involved in binge-like exposure to EtOH-induced changes in morphine's anti-nociception. Our results suggest that EtOH enhanced latency to analgesic response to morphine, and such effect might initiate the onset and progression of OUDs.

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Involvement of the Hippocampus in Binge Ethanol-Induced Spleen Atrophy in Adolescent Rats

Abstract: Our findings suggest that binge EtOH exposure causes lower spleen size in adolescents and that the hippocampus and stress may be associated with alterations in spleen structure and gene expression.

Cited by 17 publications

References 40 publications

Substance Use Disorder in the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Systematic Review of Vulnerabilities and Complications

Substance Use Disorder in the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Systematic Review of Vulnerabilities and Complications

Ganoderma lucidumAmeliorates Neurobehavioral Changes and Oxidative Stress Induced by Ethanol Binge Drinking

Binge-Like Exposure to Ethanol Enhances Morphine's Anti-nociception in B6 Mice

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