Involvement of Viral MicroRNA in the Regulation of Antiviral Apoptosis in Shrimp

Huang, Tianzhi; Cui, Yalei; Zhang, Xiaobo

doi:10.1128/jvi.03575-13

Cited by 71 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Since the discovery of HCMV miRNAs [4,[14][15][16], biological functions of certain miRNAs have been studied, including those of hcmv-miR-UL112-1 [7,[17][18][19], hcmvmiR-US25-1 [19,20], miRUS25-2-3p [21], hcmv-miR-UL36 [8], hcmv-miR-UL70-3p and hcmv-miR-UL148D [2,22]. HCMV utilizes miRNAs to regulate its own genes as well as the genes of the host cell during infection to achieve immune evasion, regulation of cellular processes, viral DNA replication and counteraction of cellular apoptosis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Human cytomegalovirus miR-UL36-5p inhibits apoptosis via downregulation of adenine nucleotide translocator 3 in cultured cells

Guo

Huang

et al. 2015

Arch Virol

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Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) encodes at least 26 microRNAs (miRNA). These miRNAs are utilized by HCMV to regulate its own genes as well as the genes of the host cell during infection. It has been reported that a cellular gene, solute carrier family 25, member 6 (SLC25A6), which is also designated adenine nucleotide translocator 3 (ANT3), was identified as a candidate target of hcmv-miR-UL36-5p by hybrid PCR. In this study, ANT3 was further demonstrated to be a direct target of hcmv-miR-UL36-5p by luciferase reporter assays. The expression level of ANT3 protein was confirmed, by western blotting, to be directly downregulated by overexpression of hcmv-miR-UL36-5p in HEK293 cells, U373 cells and HELF cells. Moreover, HCMV-infected cells showed a decrease in the ANT3 protein level. Using ANT3-specific small interfering RNA (siRNA) and an inhibitor for hcmv-miR-UL36-5p, it was shown that inhibition of apoptosis by hcmv-miR-UL36-5p in these cells specifically occurred via inhibition of ANT3 expression. These results imply that hcmv-miR-UL36-5 may play the same role during actual HCMV infection in order to establish a balance between the host cell and the virus.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since the first report on virus miRNAs [4], many viral miRNAs have been discovered. Emerging evidence suggests that viral miRNAs may be associated with immune evasion, latency of herpesviruses and cell apoptosis [5][6][7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human cytomegalovirus miR-UL36-5p inhibits apoptosis via downregulation of adenine nucleotide translocator 3 in cultured cells

Guo

Huang

et al. 2015

Arch Virol

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“…Human miR-942 can suppress hepatitis C virus-induced apoptosis by inhibiting the expression of interferon (IFN)-stimulated gene 12a (16). WSSV-miR-N24, one of the viral miRNAs identified during WSSV infection, can suppress apoptosis in shrimp by targeting the host caspase 8 gene (5).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Two White Spot Syndrome Virus MicroRNAs Target the Dorsal Gene To Promote Virus Infection in Marsupenaeus japonicus Shrimp

Ren

Huang

Cui

et al. 2017

J Virol

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In eukaryotes, microRNAs (miRNAs) serve as regulators of many biological processes, including virus infection. An miRNA can generally target diverse genes during virus-host interactions. However, the regulation of gene expression by multiple miRNAs has not yet been extensively explored during virus infection. This study found that the Spaztle (Spz)-Toll-Dorsal-antilipopolysaccharide factor (ALF) signaling pathway plays a very important role in antiviral immunity against invasion of white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) in shrimp (Marsupenaeus japonicus). Dorsal, the central gene in the Toll pathway, was targeted by two viral miRNAs (WSSV-miR-N13 and WSSV-miR-N23) during WSSV infection. The regulation of Dorsal expression by viral miRNAs suppressed the Spz-Toll-Dorsal-ALF signaling pathway in shrimp in vivo, leading to virus infection. Our study contributes novel insights into the viral miRNAmediated Toll signaling pathway during the virus-host interaction.IMPORTANCE An miRNA can target diverse genes during virus-host interactions. However, the regulation of gene expression by multiple miRNAs during virus infection has not yet been extensively explored. The results of this study indicated that the shrimp Dorsal gene, the central gene in the Toll pathway, was targeted by two viral miRNAs during infection with white spot syndrome virus. Regulation of Dorsal expression by viral miRNAs suppressed the Spz-Toll-Dorsal-ALF signaling pathway in shrimp in vivo, leading to virus infection. Our study provides new insight into the viral miRNA-mediated Toll signaling pathway in virus-host interactions.

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“…This results in interference of apoptosis thereby aiding in prolonging the life of the infected cell with increased viral replication and persistence [45]. Interestingly, a recent study has identified the role of WSSV miRNA (WSSVmiR-N24) in suppressing of host antiviral apoptosis by downregulating the caspase 8 expression in M. japonicus indicating that WSSV-miR-N24 target the host caspase 8 and regulates apoptosis in shrimp by inhibiting the host antiviral immune response thereby facilitating viral replication [46]. These studies suggests that similarly, the caspase in P. monodon may be required for defending against WSSV infection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Gene expression profiling in gill tissues of White spot syndrome virus infected black tiger shrimp Penaeus monodon by DNA microarray

et al. 2015

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White spot syndrome virus (WSSV) continues to be the most devastating viral pathogen infecting penaeid shrimp the world over. The genome of WSSV has been deciphered and characterized from three geographical isolates and significant progress has been made in developing various molecular diagnostic methods to detect the virus. However, the information on host immune gene response to WSSV pathogenesis is limited. Microarray analysis was carried out as an approach to analyse the gene expression in black tiger shrimp Penaeus monodon in response to WSSV infection. Gill tissues collected from the WSSV infected shrimp at 6, 24, 48 h and moribund stage were analysed for differential gene expression. Shrimp cDNAs of 40,059 unique sequences were considered for designing the microarray chip. The Cy3-labeled cRNA derived from healthy and WSSV-infected shrimp was subjected to hybridization with all the DNA spots in the microarray which revealed 8,633 and 11,147 as up- and down-regulated genes respectively at different time intervals post infection. The altered expression of these numerous genes represented diverse functions such as immune response, osmoregulation, apoptosis, nucleic acid binding, energy and metabolism, signal transduction, stress response and molting. The changes in gene expression profiles observed by microarray analysis provides molecular insights and framework of genes which are up- and down-regulated at different time intervals during WSSV infection in shrimp. The microarray data was validated by Real Time analysis of four differentially expressed genes involved in apoptosis (translationally controlled tumor protein, inhibitor of apoptosis protein, ubiquitin conjugated enzyme E2 and caspase) for gene expression levels. The role of apoptosis related genes in WSSV infected shrimp is discussed herein.

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Involvement of Viral MicroRNA in the Regulation of Antiviral Apoptosis in Shrimp

Cited by 71 publications

References 30 publications

Human cytomegalovirus miR-UL36-5p inhibits apoptosis via downregulation of adenine nucleotide translocator 3 in cultured cells

Human cytomegalovirus miR-UL36-5p inhibits apoptosis via downregulation of adenine nucleotide translocator 3 in cultured cells

Two White Spot Syndrome Virus MicroRNAs Target the Dorsal Gene To Promote Virus Infection in Marsupenaeus japonicus Shrimp

Gene expression profiling in gill tissues of White spot syndrome virus infected black tiger shrimp Penaeus monodon by DNA microarray

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