Iodine status among pregnant women in Kuwait

Al-Yatama, F; Al‐Bader, Maie; Al-Mazidi, Z; Ali, Ameena; Al-Omair, Ali; Al-Ajmi, N. H.; Mouneer, M.; Molla, A M; Mohammed, F.

doi:10.1007/bf03349237

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…As a result, the effect of age of TSH testing in an iodine-deficient region and the use of neonatal TSH values to assess iodine nutrition have not been systematically previously evaluated. Previous observations in Ethiopia (18) Sicily (19), Argentina (12), Kuwait (20), Turkey (21), Nepal (22), and Thailand 23, all of which have populations that experience iodine deficiency, are consistent with the findings reported here. A recent report on iodine intake and neonatal TSH values in Ireland, an iodine sufficient region, concluded that the trend in the mean TSH value of a population that has adequate iodine intake is a more sensitive indicator of changes in iodine intake than the % of TSH values >5 mIU/L (24).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Neonatal Age and Point of CareTSH Testing in the Monitoring of Iodine Deficiency Disorders: Findings from Western Uganda

Ehrenkranz

Fualal

Ndizihiwe³

et al. 2011

Thyroid

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Assessing neonatal TSH levels in developing countries with a TSH assay method suitable for field use can be successfully used to screen for congenital hypothyroidism and to indirectly assess a population's iodine status. Based on the percentage of neonates with TSH values >5 mIU/L, presumptive iodine deficiency persists in western Uganda. This finding suggests that continued monitoring of iodine nutrition in the area surrounding the Rwenzori Mountains in Uganda and Congo is needed. Due to the progressive fall in the percent of TSH values >5 mIU/L from day three to day five of life, we conclude that TSH measurement earlier than day five of life in newborns at risk for iodine deficiency may be misleading. Guidelines for the use of neonatal TSH to monitor iodine nutrition should specify that TSH measurement take place no earlier than day five of life.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Neonatal Age and Point of CareTSH Testing in the Monitoring of Iodine Deficiency Disorders: Findings from Western Uganda

Ehrenkranz

Fualal

Ndizihiwe³

et al. 2011

Thyroid

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“…Suboptimal iodine status has been reported in pregnant women from areas with only partial house-hold coverage with iodized salts such as Italy, Kuwait, and India. [ 8 9 10 11 ] Even though our study confirms those previous findings, countries with long-standing successful iodized salt programs have reported an optimal median UIC in pregnant women. [ 12 ]…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Maternal iodine status and the thyroid function of pregnant mothers and their neonates in Jaffna District of Sri Lanka

Yoganathan

Hettiarachchi

Arasaratnam

et al. 2015

Indian J Endocr Metab

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Introduction:Iodine status of pregnant women and their newborns have not been studied in Jaffna District, Sri Lanka. This study was planned to assess the maternal iodine status and thyroid function at the third trimester of gestation and the thyrotrophin level of their neonate.Methods:Four hundred and seventy-seven pregnant women and their newborns were randomly selected among six Medical Officers of Health Divisions out of 12 in Jaffna District, Sri Lanka. Maternal thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), free thyroxine (fT4), thyroglobulin (Tg), urinary iodine levels, and the neonatal thyrotrophin (nTSH) level were assessed.Results:In this study, mean age, weight, height, and gestational age of the mothers were 28.95 (±5.46) years, 63.02 (±11.56) kg, 154.39 (±6.00) cm, and 39.33 (±1.37) weeks, respectively. Maternal median urinary iodine concentration (UIC) was 140.0 μg/L (inter-quartile range 126.0–268.0 μg/L). Median values of the maternal serum TSH, fT4, and Tg were 1.9 mIU/L, 12.6 pmol/L, and 21.4 IU/L, respectively. Among the 477 newborns, 50.5% (n = 239) were males. Mean birth weight of newborn was 3.03 (±0.43) kg, while the mean length was 51.1 (±2.1) cm. Among the newborns, 18% (n = 86) had nTSH level > mIU/L and 37.7% (n = 180) within TSH level > mIU/L. nTSH level had positive but very weak correlations with maternal thyroid parameters, that is, UIC (r = 0.06, P = 0.13), fT4 (r = 0.01, P = 0.05), TSH (r = 0.09, P = 0.05), and Tg (r = 0.12, P = 0.03).Conclusion:On the basis of the World Health Organization criteria, the iodine status of pregnant women was inadequate in this region and also nTSH levels indicate moderate iodine deficiency during pregnancy. Therefore, the continuous education on adequate iodine intake during pregnancy and monitoring of iodine status are useful.

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“…Several recent studies have suggested suboptimal iodine status in pregnant women from areas with only partial household coverage with iodized salt, such as Italy, India, and the US (8)(9)(10)(11)(12). Our study confirms these previous findings and demonstrates a similar relationship within families eating from the same household food basket.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most national or subnational IDD surveys have been conducted in school-aged children (7) and if the median UI in school-aged children is 100-199 mg/L, it is generally assumed that all population groups, including pregnant women, have adequate iodine nutriture (1). However, recent cross-sectional surveys have suggested this assumption may not be valid (8)(9)(10)(11)(12).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urinary Iodine Concentrations Indicate Iodine Deficiency in Pregnant Thai Women but Iodine Sufficiency in Their School-Aged Children

Gowachirapant

Winichagoon

Wyss

et al. 2009

The Journal of Nutrition

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The median urinary iodine concentration (UI) in school-aged children is recommended for assessment of iodine nutrition in populations. If the median UI is adequate in school-aged children, it is usually assumed iodine intakes are also adequate in the remaining population, including pregnant women. But iodine requirements sharply increase during pregnancy. In this study, our aim was to measure UI in pairs of pregnant women and their school-aged children from the same family, who were sharing meals, to directly assess whether a household food basket that supplies adequate iodine to school-aged children also meets the needs of pregnant women. UI was measured in spot urine samples from pairs (n = 302) of healthy pregnant mothers and their school-aged children in metropolitan Bangkok, Thailand. A dietary questionnaire was completed. The UI [median (range)] in the pregnant women {108 (11-558) microg/L [0.85 (0.086-4.41) micromol/L]} were lower than those of their school-aged children {200 (25-835) microg/L [1.58 (0.20-6.52) micromol/L]} (P < 0.001), indicating optimal iodine status in the children but mild-to-moderate iodine deficiency in their pregnant mothers. The estimated iodine intakes in the 2 groups were in the range of 130-170 microg/d. There was a modest positive correlation between UI in the pairs (r = 0.253; P < 0.01). A higher frequency of seafood meals was a significant predictor of UI in both groups, but household use of iodized salt was not. These data suggest the median UI in school-aged children should not be used as a surrogate for monitoring iodine status in pregnancy in central Thailand; pregnant women should be directly monitored.

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Iodine status among pregnant women in Kuwait

Abstract: Data obtained may indicate insufficient iodine intake among pregnant women in Kuwait.

Cited by 4 publications

References 19 publications

Neonatal Age and Point of CareTSH Testing in the Monitoring of Iodine Deficiency Disorders: Findings from Western Uganda

Neonatal Age and Point of CareTSH Testing in the Monitoring of Iodine Deficiency Disorders: Findings from Western Uganda

Maternal iodine status and the thyroid function of pregnant mothers and their neonates in Jaffna District of Sri Lanka

Urinary Iodine Concentrations Indicate Iodine Deficiency in Pregnant Thai Women but Iodine Sufficiency in Their School-Aged Children

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