Iodine status in Norwegian preschool children and associations with dietary iodine sources: the FINS-KIDS study

Nerhus, Ive; Odland, Mathilde; Kjellevold, Marian; Midtbø, Lisa Kolden; Markhus, Maria Wik; Graff, Ingvild Eide; Lie, Øyvind; Kvestad, Ingrid; Frøyland, Livar; Dahl, Lisbeth; Øyen, Jannike

doi:10.1007/s00394-018-1768-0

Cited by 17 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…It should also be mentioned that neither vitamin D nor iodine deficiency were common in this population. The median spot urinary iodine concentration was 132 μg/L ( 22 ), and ∼80% of the children had vitamin D concentrations 50 nmol/L during wintertime ( 23 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, it is of great interest to evaluate B-vitamin status in a healthy population of children. We have previously reported on iodine ( 22 ) and vitamin D ( 23 ) status among Norwegian preschool children participating in a randomized controlled trial ( 24 ). In the current study, we investigated folate and vitamin B-12 status and their associations with dietary intake.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dietary Intake and Biomarkers of Folate and Cobalamin Status in Norwegian Preschool Children: The FINS-KIDS Study

Solvik

Strand

Kvestad

et al. 2020

The Journal of Nutrition

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ABSTRACT Background Folate and cobalamin (vitamin B-12) are essential for growth and development. However, few population-based studies have investigated B-vitamin status in children. Objectives This study aimed to assess biomarkers of folate and vitamin B-12 status and to explore their dietary determinants in healthy Norwegian children. Methods Using baseline data obtained from a randomized controlled trial on the effect of fish intake on neurodevelopment in children aged 4–6 y, we measured the plasma concentrations of folate, cobalamin, total plasma homocysteine (tHcy), and methylmalonic acid (MMA). Food-frequency questionnaires (FFQs) were used to assess dietary intake. We used unadjusted and multiple linear regression models to explore the determinants of biomarker concentrations. Results The median (IQR) of plasma folate (n = 197) and plasma cobalamin (n = 195) concentrations were 15.2 (12.2–21.1) nmol/L and 785 (632–905) pmol/L, respectively. Plasma folate concentrations of <10 nmol/L were observed in 13% of the children. No child had a cobalamin concentration <148 pmol/L. Two children were identified with elevated plasma MMA concentrations (>0.26 μmol/L) and 8 children had elevated tHcy concentrations (>6.5 μmol/L). Plasma folate concentration was inversely correlated with tHcy (ρ = −0.24, P < 0.001); we found no correlation between tHcy and cobalamin (ρ = −0.075, P = 0.30). Children who consumed vitamin supplements had 51% higher plasma folate concentrations (P < 0.0001) than those who did not. Consumption of red meat for dinner more than twice a week was associated with 23% lower plasma folate (P < 0.01). No other significant associations between dietary intake and the biomarkers were observed. Conclusions The Norwegian preschool children from this cohort had adequate vitamin B-12 status. Poor folate status was common and associated with elevated tHcy. The implications of poor folate status during childhood should be a prioritized research question. This trial was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov as NCT02331667.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary Intake and Biomarkers of Folate and Cobalamin Status in Norwegian Preschool Children: The FINS-KIDS Study

Solvik

Strand

Kvestad

et al. 2020

The Journal of Nutrition

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“…I alle studiene blant gravide avdekket både beregnet jodinntak fra kosten og målingene av jod i urin at jodinntaket var utilstrekkelig. Derimot var jodinntaket tilstrekkelig blant spedbarn og småbarn som enten fikk jodberiket morsmelkerstatning eller kumelk (17,20,27), og blant ungdom, voksne menn og de vegetarianerne som inkluderte melk i kosten (12,20,28).…”

Section: Jodinntak Og -Statusunclassified

Er inntaket av jod i befolkningen tilstrekkelig?

Henjum¹,

Abel²,

Meltzer³

et al. 2019

Tidsskriftet

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Er inntaket av jod i befolkningen tilstrekkelig? | Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening Er inntaket av jod i befolkningen tilstrekkelig? OVERSIKTSARTIKKEL SIGRUN HENJUM Fakultet for helsevitenskap OsloMet-storbyuniversitetet Hun har bidratt med idé og utforming, litteratursøk og-gjennomgang, utarbeiding av manus og har godkjent innsendte manusversjon. Sigrun Henjum er ph.d., klinisk ernaeringsfysiolog og førsteamanuensis. Hun er medlem i Vitenskapskomiteen for mat og miljø og er faglig leder for utarbeiding av nytte-og risikovurdering av tilsetning av jod til bordsalt, i brødvarer og i vegetabilske alternativer til kumelk.

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“…Infants and young children have therefore been identified as a vulnerable group regarding insufficient iodine intake. Recently published data among 5-year-old preschool children ( n = 220) and 3–9-year-old children ( n = 47) showed iodine sufficiency in these groups, with a median urinary iodine concentration (UIC) of 132 and 148 μg/L, respectively (25, 26). Studies among infants and toddlers remain scarce; however, iodine status was measured in a study of Norwegian toddlers under the age of 2 with cow’s milk protein allergy.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Sufficient iodine status among Norwegian toddlers 18 months of age – cross-sectional data from the Little in Norway study

Aakre

Wik

Kjellevold

et al. 2018

Food & Nutrition Research

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BackgroundInadequate iodine intake has been identified in several population groups in the Nordic countries over the past years; however, studies of iodine status in infants and toddlers are scarce.ObjectiveThe aim of this study is to evaluate the iodine status and dietary iodine sources among 18-month-old toddlers from Norway.MethodsCross-sectional and country representative data from the Little in Norway study were used. All children who had given a spot urine sample at 18 months age were included (n = 416). Urinary iodine concentration (UIC) was determined by inductively coupled plasma mass-spectrometry. Dietary habits and supplement use were measured by a food frequency questionnaire.ResultsMedian (25th–75th percentiles [p25–p75]) UIC was 129 (81–190) μg/L while estimated median (p25–p75) habitual iodine intake was 109 (101–117) μg/day. None of the children were below the estimated average requirement (EAR) of 65 μg/day or above the upper intake level of 180 μg/day. There were no differences in either UIC or estimated habitual iodine intake between different geographic areas in Norway. Milk was the most important iodine source, contributing an estimated 70% to the total iodine intake, while other foods rich in iodine such as seafood and enriched baby porridge contributed about 30%.ConclusionsThe iodine status among 18-month-old toddlers from different geographic areas in Norway was sufficient, indicated by a median UIC above the WHO cutoff of 100 μg/L. This was further supported by the estimated habitual iodine intake, where none of the participants were below the EAR. Milk was an important iodine source in this age group; thus children with a low intake might be at risk of insufficient iodine intake.

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Iodine status in Norwegian preschool children and associations with dietary iodine sources: the FINS-KIDS study

Abstract: The preschoolers had adequate iodine status. Low intake of sweet milk and dairy products were associated with low iodine status.

Cited by 17 publications

References 30 publications

Dietary Intake and Biomarkers of Folate and Cobalamin Status in Norwegian Preschool Children: The FINS-KIDS Study

Dietary Intake and Biomarkers of Folate and Cobalamin Status in Norwegian Preschool Children: The FINS-KIDS Study

Er inntaket av jod i befolkningen tilstrekkelig?

Sufficient iodine status among Norwegian toddlers 18 months of age – cross-sectional data from the Little in Norway study

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