Ion Absorption by Corn Roots as Influenced by Moisture and Aeration

Danielson, R. E.; Russell, M. B.

doi:10.2136/sssaj1957.03615995002100010002x

Cited by 39 publications

(18 citation statements)

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“…On the other hand, the soil water content increased in August might lead to an increase of soil nutrient availability (Table 1), and the diffusion coefficient probably increased by reducing the tortuosity of the diffusion path and increasing crosssectional area for diffusion (Barber 1962). The increase of nutrient uptake by plant at higher moisture levels might be possibly due to the thicker moisture films through which the ions diffused (Danielson and Russell 1957).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Two processes of mass-flow in the water absorbed by plant and diffusion of ions were involved, which could act differently across spatial and temporal scales. Factors, such as soil water content (Danielson and Russell 1957;Mederski and Wilson 1960), transpiration ratio (Brouwer 1954), relative extent of root system, concentration gradient at root interface (Barber 1962) and soil texture (Schofield and Graham 1960), could strongly affect the uptake of nutrients by plants.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nitrogen acquisition strategies used by Leymus chinensis and Stipa grandis in temperate steppes

Tian

Ouyang

et al. 2016

Biol Fertil Soils

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Leymus chinensis and Stipa grandis are two important plant species of temperate steppes in Inner Mongolia of North China. They differ in their life forms, e.g., L. chinensis is a type of rhizomatous clonal grass, whereas S. grandis is a type of tussock grass. Here we hypothesize that both plant species possess distinct nitrogen (N) acquisition strategies for their growth and survival. To test this hypothesis, we conducted a four-factor experimental field study using a short-term (three hours) 15 N labeling technique in two plant communities mono-dominated by L. chinensis and S. grandis of the temperate steppes over two months (July and August) and at two soil depths. In both of communities, L. chinensis and S. grandis directly absorbed all three of the common forms of N, including substantial portions of N-derived from glycine (organic and inorganic forms) ranged from 2.7 to 17.8 %, although they absorbed more inorganic N. Nitrogen uptake rates showed significant effects of communities, months, soil depths, and N forms. The uptake rate was higher in August than in July and at 0-5 cm than at 5-15 cm soil depths. L. chinensis and S. grandis showed different preference on N form across months. L. chinensis shifted its uptake pattern from more nitrate (NO 3 − ) in July to more ammonium (NH 4 + ) in August, whereas S. grandis took up comparable NH 4 + and NO 3 − in both months. In general, L. chinensis showed a more flexible N acquisition strategy and S. grandis performed a more concentrated and relatively more stable N acquisition strategy. The distinct N acquisition strategies used by L. chinensis and S. grandis varied greatly across different months and soil depths. These findings are more helpful in further understanding the plasticity of nutrient utilization issues of different plant species in response to N-limited conditions of grassland ecosystems.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrogen acquisition strategies used by Leymus chinensis and Stipa grandis in temperate steppes

Tian

Ouyang

et al. 2016

Biol Fertil Soils

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“…Fotovat et al (1997) also reported increased amounts of Ca and K in the soil solution by dilution of alkaline soil. Increase in amount of K per pot in the solution of soil above 60% WHC may also Downloaded by [University of California, San Diego] at 22:51 22 August 2015 be caused by increased aqueous diffusion of soil K with higher water content (Place and Barber, 1964;Danielson and Russell, 1957). The much higher concentration of Mn at 100% WHC may be attributed to the dissolution of Mn oxides under reduced conditions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of soil moisture on soil solution chemistry, biomass production, and shoot nutrients in two native grasses on a calcareous soil

Misra

Tyler

2000

Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis

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“…1409. 3 The following abbreviations will be used: AMP, adenosine monophosphate; ADP Protein accumulated in the seedling during 1 to 6 days of germination and growth ( fig 1C) at a rate similar to the dry-weight increases. Also like the dry-weight changes, a decrease in endosperm-scutellum protein (fig 2B) accompanied the increase in seedling protein.…”

Section: Florida Agricultural Experiments Station Journalmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

Protein, Nucleotide, & Ribonucleid Acid Metabolism in Corn During Germination Under Water Stress

West¹

1962

Plant Physiol.

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While the influence of sub-optimal water levels on gross aspects of plant growth has been investigated extensively (3,5,6,13,19), little is known about the effect of water stress on metabolic processes. More information on specific effects is needed to establish the influence of environmental-water stress on plant growth and development. One research approach is to follow, in plants under water stress, the composition changes of constituents that have been associated with seedling growth.During normal germination and growth, changes which occur in some of the storage organs and seedlings have been reported. Schulze (21) determined that during germination in the dark, embryo-amino acids originated from the degradation of seed protein. Oota and Osawa (17) found that the RNA3 of the seed contributed to the RNA of the embryo. Recent investigations by Cherry and Hageman (2) showed that protein and RNA of corn scutellum decreased during 4 days of germination and that radicle protein and RNA increased. Soluble nucleotides increased in both the scutellum and the radicle but at a faster rate in the radicle.When the water content was reduced in leaf cells, Petrie and Wood (20) showed that the production of amino acids and formation of protein from amino acids was reduced. Presumably, any influence of water stress on plant development would alter the metabolic reactions involved in protein formation because rapid and orderly production of enzymatic and structural protein is required in growth. Materials & MethodsApproximately 110 corn (Zea mays L. doublecross hybrid, var. Dixie 18) seeds were placed embryo down on a paper towel supported by 750 ml of acid-washed gravel in a 9 X 14 inch glass dish. To the dishes, 350 ml of 10-4 M CaCl,, 0.2 M, 0.4 M, or 0.6M mannitol were added to impose water stress equivalent to 0.02 (check), 4.9, 9.8, and 14.7 atmospheres of osmotic pressure, respectively.The plants were grown in darkness for 1 to 6 days under conditions of 100 % relative humidity and constant temperature of 29 C. The seedling, consisting of the entire epicotyl, hypocotyl, and radicle (hereafter referred to as the seedling) was separated from the endosperm and scutellum (called endospermscutellum). Duplicate samples of 10 endospermscutella and seedlings were blotted dry with tissue paper and fresh and dry weights were determined.

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Ion Absorption by Corn Roots as Influenced by Moisture and Aeration

Abstract: Using short-term experiments, the uptake by corn seedlings of Rb 88 from soil and from osmotic solutions has been measured under various levels of moisture stress and oxygen pressure. Soil moisture tensions, up to 12 aim.,

Cited by 39 publications

References 0 publications

Nitrogen acquisition strategies used by Leymus chinensis and Stipa grandis in temperate steppes

Nitrogen acquisition strategies used by Leymus chinensis and Stipa grandis in temperate steppes

Effects of soil moisture on soil solution chemistry, biomass production, and shoot nutrients in two native grasses on a calcareous soil

Protein, Nucleotide, & Ribonucleid Acid Metabolism in Corn During Germination Under Water Stress

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