Ion-assisted self-assembly of macroporous MXene films as supercapacitor electrodes

Abstract

A novel facile ion-assisted self-assembly strategy is implemented to prepare a free-standing macroporous Ti3C2Tx electrodes for high-performance supercapacitor.

CoFe2O4 Nanoparticle-Decorated 2D MXene: A Novel Hybrid Material for Supercapacitor Applications

“…Zhang et al developed K + assisted self-assembly of microporous MXene films as an SC electrode. The capacitance obtained was up to 427 Fg –1 at 2 mV s –1 scan rate …”

A New Era of Integrative Ice Frozen Assembly into Multiscale Architecturing of Energy Materials

“…Functional materials with different macrostructure obtained through different synthesis method and their energy storage performances. [5,13,17,85,206,232,[251][252][253][254][255][256][257][258][259][260][261][262][263][264][265] Hydrothermal and ice freezing Sodium ion battery 216 mAh g -1 at 20 mA g -1 73% after 100 cycles [238] MoO 3 -GA 3D, MoO 3 graphene nanosheet Hydrothermal and ice freezing method SC 755 F g -1 at 1.0 mV s -1 100% after 10 000 cycles [256] CoS/graphene 3D microcosmic structure Hydrothermal process and ice freezing SC 564 F g -1 at 1 A g -1 94.8% after 2000 cycles [257] GO 3D, macropores structure Hydrothermal process and ice freezing SC 220 F g -1 at 1 A g -1 92% after 2000 cycle [258] Graphene aerogel-nickel foam (GA@NF) 3D, hierarchically porous structure Ice freezing and thermal annealing SC 366 F g -1 at 2 A g -1 ≈60% after 2000 cycles [259] CO-activated GO 3D, mesopores nanostructure Thermal annealing of GO in the presence of CO atmosphere and ice freezing SC 291 F g -1 at 1 A g -1 87% after 60 000 cycles [260] Graphene/Fe 2 O 3 3D, inter-connected porous microstructure Hydrothermal process and ice freezing SC 908 F g -1 at 2 A g -1 75% after 200 cycles [261] GO 3D, hierarchical porous structure Chemical reduction and ice freezing SC 441 F g -1 at 1 A g -1 86% after 10 000 cycles [262] Graphene 3D, holey graphene framework (HGF) hierarchical porous structure Hydrothermal process and ice freezing SC 298 F g -1 at 1 A g -1 95% over 20 000 cycles [263] N-doped CNT arrays (C@ZnNiCo-CHs) 3D, hierarchical porous branched core/shell nanosheets Chemical bath deposition and ice freezing SC 1928 F g -1 at 1 A g -1 ≈96% after 10 000 cycles [264] rGO/CdS 3D, rGO/CdS hydrogel Hydrothermal and ice freezing SC 300 F g -1 at 5 mV s -1 94% after 1000 cycles…”

“…[6,7] This issue becomes more critical when thick and porous electrodes with a high loading of active materials are fabricated for practical applications. Thus, assembling primary functional nanomaterials into larger objects such as, fibers, [8][9][10] films, [11][12][13] monoliths, powders, [14] and so on while delicately controlling the hierarchical architectures and multiscale porous structures of electrode materials is considered as a viable strategy to resolve existing bottlenecks. In other words, precisely controlling the internal structures, external shapes, and heterocomposition of electrode materials in a hierarchical manner is the key to achieve high-performances of energy storage and conversion devices.…”

Recent Advance in the Fabrication of 2D and 3D Metal Carbides-Based Nanomaterials for Energy and Environmental Applications

“…Nevertheless, MC MXene nanosheets are liable to re-stacking during the self-assembly process, leading to poor electrolyte penetration. To fully utilize the electrochemical energy storage capacity of MC MXenes, Zhang et al [ 77 ] synthesized macroporous MC MXene membranes as electrodes for supercapacitors through ion-assisted self-assembly. The ions produced by the hydrolysis of the chloride salt can be adsorbed on the surface of the nanosheets, thereby reducing the negative surface charge of the MXene nanosheets, and causing the nanosheets to aggregate and form a 3D macroporous structure under the action of van der Waals forces.…”