Ion bombardment of metal surfaces

Colligon, J.S.

doi:10.1016/0042-207x(61)90036-7

Cited by 20 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…Reflection coefficients for He+ incident on clean and contaminated tungsten have been measured by Hagstrum (1961) to be 0.0017 and 0.000 43, respectively, and were found to be fairly insentitive to the ion energy. Reflection coefficients for Hf and O+ on tungsten or aluminium are probably somewhat larger but still less than 2 % (Colligon 1961). At higher energies, the ratio of the charged to total back-scattered particles can be large but the total reflection coefficient is still small.…”

Section: Secondary Electron Emission By Ion Impactmentioning

confidence: 98%

Potentials of surfaces in space

1981

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In the last decade, large electrostatic potentials of the order of tens of kV have been measured on spacecraft in the Earth's magnetosphere. Observations in space have led to the inference of large potentials on natural objects in the solar system. The result for spacecraft can be material damage and operational interference caused by electrostatic discharges. Natural objects such as dust grains can be disrupted, and their motion influenced by electromagnetic forces. The potential of a body in space is determined by a balance between various charging currents. The most important are transfer of charge from plasma particles, photoemission, and secondary electron emission, with other charging mechanisms sometimes contributing. The currents are affected by the body's charge and motion and by local magnetic and electric fields. Dielectric surfaces may have surface potential gradients which can affect the current balance through the creation of potential barriers. These processes are evaluated for bodies in the solar system and in interstellar space. Expected equilibrium potentials range from a few tenths of a volt negative in the ionosphere to a few volts positive in the quiet magnetosphere and in interplanetary space. However, large negative potentials can occur in hot plasmas such as in the disturbed magnetosphere, especially on shaded surfaces. Potentials in interstellar space can be positive or negative, depending on the properties of the local radiation field and plasma. In regions where there have been measurements of spacecraft potentials the results generally agree with these expectations. Deviations can be attributed to the effects of biased or dielectric surfaces or to the magnetic induction effect in large structures such as antennae. An intensive research effort has been initiated to measure material properties, to study charging and discharge processes, to model the current balance to realistic spacecraft configurations, and to obtain additional data in space. Spacecraft potential control experiments have been carried out using passive methods, such as careful surface material selection, and active methods, such as emission of charged-particle beams. The review closes with a survey of possible astrophysical applications where charging effects may be important.

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Section: Secondary Electron Emission By Ion Impactmentioning

confidence: 98%

Potentials of surfaces in space

1981

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“…3 and show no change with thickness of TiO2 between 20 nm and 120 nm. There is, however, an increase in cell density with nitrogen implant dose which, from other ion implantation work [9], would be expected to have reached saturation above about 5 x 1016 ions/era 2 owing to reliberation of previously implanted nitrogen at the higher doses.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 92%

The surface modification of polymers to modulate endothelial cell growth

Colligon

Dekker

Curry

et al. 1996

J Mater Sci: Mater Med

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The effect of nitrogen ion implantation or ion-assisted film deposition on the growth of human endothelial cells in vitro on a substrate has been studied. It was shown that the largest change occurs when TiO2 films were reactively sputtered onto the substrates, while the most passive surface was reactively sputtered SiO2. SEM pictures of the cells adhering to the various treated surfaces show that the cells were healthy. Future studies on the effect of alloy films and their oxides and nitrides are proposed.

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“…Von der VielzahI der bei Ionenbeschufl yon FestkSrperoberfl~chen auftretenden Erscheinungen, die verschiedentlich zusammenfassend diskutiert worden sind [MAssEY und BURHOP (180), G. FRANCIS (75), J. J. TRILLAT (280,287), J. S. COLLIGON (50)], behandelt dieser ArtikeI nur die physikalische Zerst~ubung. Hierbei wird wiederum auf die Zerst~iubungsmessungen an polykristallinem Material am ausfiihrlichsten eingegangen.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

“…COLLIGON (50), G. GLOCKLER und S. LIND (85) Seit etwa 10 Jahren hat das Interesse an der Zerst~iubung wieder sehr zugenommen, da sie ftir Fragen der Festk6rperphysik und in folgenden technischen und wissenschaftlichen Anwendungsgebieten eine grol3e Rolle spielt :…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Festkörperzerstäubung durch Ionenbeschuß

Behrisch

Ergebnisse Der Exakten Naturwissenschaften

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Abb, 1. Bedingungen ffir reproduzierbare Zerst~ubungsmessungen. Auf den eingezeiehnete~x seh~igea Geraden ist die An~ahl der auftreffenden Ionen gleieh der Anzahl der auftreffenden Restgasteilchen. Messungev. an sauberen Oberltfichen mfissen im selara~fierten Bereieh I liegen. Die me/sten Messungen wurdeu im Bereich II ausgeft~hrt, da jedoch noch die Zerst~ubungsrate S berficksichtigt werdert mu$, waren die Versuchsbedingungen oft gfinstiger, als es in diesem Diagramm erscheint (378), T. W. SNOWS u. a. (256)]. Besonders Oxydschichten k6nnen die Zerst~iubungsrate wesentlich verringern, worauf z. B. die off beobachfete schwache Zerst~ubung von Aluminium und Titan zufiickzuffihren ist [A. GUNTHERSCHULZE (93), G. K. WEHNER (300)].

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Ion bombardment of metal surfaces

Cited by 20 publications

References 66 publications

Potentials of surfaces in space

Potentials of surfaces in space

The surface modification of polymers to modulate endothelial cell growth

Festkörperzerstäubung durch Ionenbeschuß

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