Ion-irradiation-induced welding of carbon nanotubes

Krasheninnikov, Arkady V.; Nordlund, K.; Keinonen, J.; Banhart, Florian

doi:10.1103/physrevb.66.245403

Cited by 158 publications

(104 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…29 Welding of crossed SWCNTs using ion beam irradiation was demonstrated employing empirical potential molecular dynamics. 30 Authors have also suggested that ion beam irradiation potentially could be used for developing complicated networks of joined nanotubes. They concluded that welding of carbon nanotubes is not possible without structural defects.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Branched carbon nanofiber network synthesis at room temperature using radio frequency supported microwave plasmas

Boskovic

Stolojan

Zeze

et al. 2004

Journal of Applied Physics

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S. (2004)'Branched carbon nano ber network synthesis at room temperature using radio frequency supported microwave plasmas.', Journal of applied physics., 96 (6). pp. 3443-3446. Further information on publisher's website: Use policyThe full-text may be used and/or reproduced, and given to third parties in any format or medium, without prior permission or charge, for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-pro t purposes provided that:• a full bibliographic reference is made to the original source • a link is made to the metadata record in DRO • the full-text is not changed in any way The full-text must not be sold in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders.Please consult the full DRO policy for further details. Carbon nanofibers have been grown at room temperature using a combination of radio frequency and microwave assisted plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition. The nanofibers were grown, using Ni powder catalyst, onto substrates kept at room temperature by using a purposely designed water-cooled sample holder. Branched carbon nanofiber growth was obtained without using a template resulting in interconnected carbon nanofiber network formation on substrates held at room temperature. This method would allow room-temperature direct synthesized nanofiber networks over relatively large areas, for a range of temperature sensitive substrates, such as organic materials, plastics, and other polymers of interest for nanoelectronic two-dimensional networks, nanoelectromechanical devices, nanoactuators, and composite materials.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Branched carbon nanofiber network synthesis at room temperature using radio frequency supported microwave plasmas

Boskovic

Stolojan

Zeze

et al. 2004

Journal of Applied Physics

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“…It has been demonstrated by experimental and theoretical studies that irradiation can be used for nano-engineering of carbon nanotubes [7,8]. For example, focused electron beams were shown to result in welding of crossed single-wall carbon nanotubes to form molecular junctions [9], and molecular dynamics simulations showed how such junctions might also be produced by irradiation by Ar + ions [10]. Irradiation by 1.25-MeV electrons at high temperature (800 • C) was able to coalesce neighbouring Ndoped SWNTs as a result of defect formation followed by thermal annealing [11].…”

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confidence: 99%

Ion irradiation effects on conduction in single-wall carbon nanotube networks

et al. 2008

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We have measured how irradiation by Ar + and N + ions modifies electronic conduction in single-wall carbon nanotube (SWNT) networks, finding dramatically different effects for different thicknesses. For very thin transparent networks, ion irradiation increases localization of charge carriers and reduces the variable-range hopping conductivity, especially at low temperatures. However, for thick networks (SWNT paper) showing metallic conductivity, we find a relatively sharp peak in conductivity as a function of irradiation dose. Our investigation of this peak reveals the important role of thermal annealing extending beyond the range of the irradiating ions, and shows the dependence on the morphology of the samples. We propose a simple model that accounts for the temperature-dependent conductivity. Recently, the effect of defects on the conducting properties of individual metallic single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) was shown [1,2] by the controlled reduction of the electronic localization length by irradiation with Ar + ions. For these SWNTs in the strong Anderson localization regime, the exponential increase of resistance with length of SWNTs between electrodes was greatly enhanced by di-vacancies created by the Ar + ions. In this paper, we report the first measurements (to our knowledge) of the effect of irradiation by ions on conduction in thin transparent SWNT networks, finding that resistance always increases on ion irradiation. In contrast to these results, however, we show that ion irradiation initially decreases the resistance of our thick SWNT networks.Many applications proposed for carbon nanotubes [3][4][5][6] are likely to be sensitive to irradiation effects, which u Fax: +49-711-689-1010, E-mail: v.skakalova@fkf.mpg.de would be particularly significant, for example, for devices used in space or other high-radiation environments. Controlled irradiation also has many applications related to carbon nanotubes. It has been demonstrated by experimental and theoretical studies that irradiation can be used for nano-engineering of carbon nanotubes [7,8]. For example, focused electron beams were shown to result in welding of crossed single-wall carbon nanotubes to form molecular junctions [9], and molecular dynamics simulations showed how such junctions might also be produced by irradiation by Ar + ions [10]. Irradiation by 1.25-MeV electrons at high temperature (800 • C) was able to coalesce neighbouring Ndoped SWNTs as a result of defect formation followed by thermal annealing [11]. Using irradiation by Ar + ions, Stahl et al. [12] introduced defects in the SWNTs in the upper part of a bundle of loosely coupled SWNTs before depositing gold contacts on top of the bundle. They found that to avoid the defects, the current switched to undamaged nanotubes in the lower part of the bundle, tunnelling being the transfer mechanism between nanotubes.In previous work [13], we observed local modifications of the electronic structure in atomically resolved scanning tunnelling microscope (STM) images of multi-wal...

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“…Band gap tailoring and carbon nanotube interconnects have been achieved using charged particle beams as well. [4][5][6][7] Furthermore, it appears that it is possible to modify their physical properties by changing their structure locally only along a short section of the tube. 8 Most of the works devoted to study the effects of electron or ion-beam irradiation have involved single-walled and multiwalled carbon nanotubes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resonance Raman spectroscopy in Si and C ion-implanted double-wall carbon nanotubes

et al. 2009

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The effect of 170 keV Si and 100 keV C ion bombardment on the structure and properties of highly pure, double-wall carbon nanotubes has been investigated using resonance Raman spectroscopy. The implantations were performed at room temperature with ion doses ranging between 1 ϫ 10 13 ions/ cm 2 and 1 ϫ 10 15 ions/ cm 2 . As expected, the Si irradiation created more disorder than the C irradiation for the same ion fluence. For both species, as the ion-implantation fluence increased, the D-band intensity increased, while the G-band intensity decreased, indicating increased lattice disorder, in analogous form to other forms of graphite and other nanotube types. The frequency of the G band decreased with increasing dose, reflecting a softening of the phonon mode due to lattice defects. With increasing ion fluence, the radial breathing modes ͑RBMs͒ of the outer tubes ͑either semiconducting or metallic͒ disappeared before the respective RBM bands from the inner tubes, suggesting that the outer nanotubes are more affected than the inner nanotubes by the ion irradiation. After Si ion bombardment to a dose of 1 ϫ 10 15 ions/ cm 2 , the Raman spectrum resembled that of highly disordered graphite, indicating that the lattice structures of the inner and outer nanotubes were almost completely destroyed. However, laser annealing partially restored the crystalline structure of the nanotubes, as evidenced by the re-emergence of the G and RBM bands and the significant attenuation of the D band in the Raman spectrum.

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Ion-irradiation-induced welding of carbon nanotubes

Cited by 158 publications

References 36 publications

Branched carbon nanofiber network synthesis at room temperature using radio frequency supported microwave plasmas

Branched carbon nanofiber network synthesis at room temperature using radio frequency supported microwave plasmas

Ion irradiation effects on conduction in single-wall carbon nanotube networks

Resonance Raman spectroscopy in Si and C ion-implanted double-wall carbon nanotubes

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