Ion-pair complex-based solvent extraction combined with chemiluminescence determination of chlorpromazine hydrochloride with luminol in reverse micelles

Shi, Wenbing; Yang, Jinlong; Huang, Yuming

doi:10.1016/j.jpba.2004.05.003

Cited by 31 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…2 shows the working curve of this method. Concluded from Table 3, this method has lower LD than those in references [3,[6][7][8][9], and wider linear range than those in references [3,[6][7][8][9][10], indicating that this method is suitable for trace CPZ detection. Table 4 Effects of coexistent materials (CI is coexistent ion; CM is coexistent materials; C is allowed maximum concentration of coexistent ions (materials); M referred to the quotient between allowed maximum concentration of coexistent ions (materials) and the concentration of CPZ.…”

Section: Working Curve Linear Range Precision and Sensitivitymentioning

confidence: 85%

“…Hereby, a novel SSRTP for the determination of trace CPZ was developed. This method with simple and easy operation is more suitable for the residue analysis of CPZ in human serum and urine due to the higher sensitivity than those in references [3][4][5][6][7][8][9], wider linear range than those in references [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10] and better selectivity than that in Ref. [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Highly Sensitive Detection of Residual Chlorpromazine Hydrochloride with Solid Substrate Room Temperature Phosphorimetry

et al. 2012

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Under the condition of 60 °C and 20 min at pH 6.12, chlorpromazine hydrochloride (CPZ) could react with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) to produce FITC-CPZ, which increased the π-electron density (δ) of carbon atom in FITC conjugated system and the room temperature phosphorescence (RTP) intensity of FITC. Thus, a new solid substrate room temperature phosphorimetry (SSRTP) for the determination of residual CPZ was established. The regression equation of working curve was ΔI (p) = 4.254 + 7.906 m(CPZ) (ag spot(-1)) with the correlation coefficient (r) of 0.9990 in the range of 0.036-9.6 ag spot(-1) (corresponding concentration: 0.090-24 fg ml(-1), sample volume: 0.40 μl spot(-1)), and the detection limit (LD) was 0.018 ag spot(-1) (corresponding concentration: 4.5 × 10(-17) g ml(-1)). This method with wide linear range and high sensitivity was not only used to diagnose human disease based on the correlation between the residual quantity and lethal dose of CPZ in human serum, but also used to determine residual CPZ in biological samples with the results consisting with those obtained by gas chromatography (GC), showing good accuracy. The constituent of FITC-CPZ was analyzed by GC-MS (mass spectrometry) and the reaction mechanism of SSRTP for the determination of trace CPZ was also discussed.

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Section: Working Curve Linear Range Precision and Sensitivitymentioning

confidence: 85%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Highly Sensitive Detection of Residual Chlorpromazine Hydrochloride with Solid Substrate Room Temperature Phosphorimetry

et al. 2012

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“…Various analytical methods have been reported for the determination of phenothiazines. Available techniques include titrimetry (Issa and Mahrous, ; Walash et al ., ), spectrophotometry (Revanasiddappa and Ramappa, ; Kitamura et al ., ; Basavaiah, ), spectrofluorimetry (White et al ., ; Mohamed et al ., ), chemiluminescence (Kojlo et al ., ; Shi et al ., ), electrochemistry (Razola et al ., ; Daniel and Gutz, ; Huang et al ., ), capillary electrophoresis (Wang et al ., ), flow injection (Daniel and Gutz, ; Zhang et al ., ) and HPLC combined with other techniques (Hayen and Karst, ; Pelander et al ., ; Decaestecker et al ., ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simultaneous determination of three banned psychiatric drugs in pig feed and tissue using solid‐phase reactor on‐line oxidizing and HPLC‐fluorescence detection

Duan

Sun

et al. 2015

Biomedical Chromatography

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The banned addition of psychiatric drugs such as phenothiazines to animal feed and foodstuffs increases the risk of human organ lesion. Phenothiazines usually exhibit weak native fluorescence and can be oxidized to strongly fluorescent compounds. In this study, a novel, sensitive and convenient method of HPLC-fluorescence detection based on post-column on-line oxidizing with lead dioxide solid-phase reactor has been developed for simultaneous determination of three banned psychotropic drugs, promethazine, chlorpromazine and thioridazine. Three compounds were successfully separated on an Agilent TC-C18 column with mobile phase of acetonitrile (A) and water (B), both containing 0.5% (v/v) formic acid. A gradient elution was programmed and fluorimetric detection was performed at λex /λem of 332/373 nm for promethazine, 340/380 nm for chlorpromazine and 352/432 nm for thioridazine. The calibration graphs gave good linearity over the concentration ranges of 30.0-4976.4 µg/L for promethazine, 2.0-2153.2 µg/L for chlorpromazine, and 15.0-3088.0 µg/L for thioridazine, and correlation coefficients (r) were ≥0.995. The method was applied to the determination of phenothiazines in pig feed and pig tissue, and the average spiked recoveries were in the range 69.1-115.4%.

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“…The half-life of chlorpromazine is variable at approximately 30 hours. Liquid concentrates may have greater bioavailability than tablets [3,4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Method Development and Validation of Assay of Chlorpromazine Hydrochloride Tablet Formulation Using Ultra Violet Visible Spectrophotometry

Shatti¹

2014

J Anal Bioanal Tech

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The International Conference on Harmonisation [Q2 (R1)] guidelines was applied for this one-step spectrophotometric estimation of chlorpromazine hydrochloride in neurazine tablet formulation. The method was found to be simple, safe, sensitive, and validated for the assay of chlorpromazine hydrochloride using bromophenol blue, citrate buffer pH 3, and water as diluents. It was also found to be an accurate, reproducible, and cost-effective quality-control tool for the routine analysis of chlorpromazine hydrochloride in standard and pharmaceutical forms. Method Development and Validation of Assay of Chlorpromazine Hydrochloride Tablet Formulation Using Ultra Violet Visible SpectrophotometryLaila A Al Shatti* Diluent preparationDistilled water was used as a diluent. Standard preparationA bromophenol blue (1×10 -3 M) and Cpn-HCl (1×10 -3 M) stock solution was prepared to be used for the preparation of standard solutions. In 100 mL volumetric flasks, 15 mL BrPB, 3 mL citrate buffer (pH 3), and different aliquots of Cpn-HCl (1×10 -3 M) were added to prepare five standard solutions of Cpn-HCl ranging in concentration from 2.553-16 ppm. The five standard solutions were scanned for the maximum wavelength (nm) previously assigned, and a calibration curve was set to perform the linearity test. Pharmaceutical test preparationTen tablets of neurazine formulation were ground and weighed (4.4870 g). Each tablet contained 100 mg active ingredient of Cpn-HCl. To prepare the stock solution (1×10 -3 ) of the formulation, 0.1594 g of the ground tablets were weighed and dissolved with distilled water in a 100 mL volumetric flask. The stock solution was diluted to prepare (1×10 -4 M). A test solution was made by adding 15 mL bromophenol blue, 3 mL citrate buffer (pH 3), and 10 mL neurazine (1×10 -4 M) (ppm). The solution was tested by the extrapolation method to determine the concentration of the neurazine test sample. InstrumentationA UV-visible double beam spectrophotometer with matched quartz cell (1 cm) (model no. Evolution 201) by Thermo Scientific, 81 Wyman Street Waltham, Massachusetts, US was used. Results and Discussion Development and optimization of the spectrophotometric methodThe selection of the proper wavelength in this method depends on the sample, diluent, and test solution. Spectrophotometric quantitative determination of chlorpromazine needs the development of rugged and suitable conditions after testing different parameters, such as diluents, buffer, buffer concentration, and other chromatographic conditions. Different trials with varied compositions of diluents and buffer should be conducted to choose the optimum conditions. Selection of wavelengthThe standard solution and the pharmaceutical test forms were scanned by UV-visible spectrophotometer between 200 and 700 nm on spectrum mode before and after using BrPB (Figures 1 and 2). Both spectra showed that Cpn-HCl has a maximum wavelength λ max at 314. Bromophenol blue was scanned to avoid the interferences of wavelengths (Figure 3). The spectrum pf BrPB ...

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Ion-pair complex-based solvent extraction combined with chemiluminescence determination of chlorpromazine hydrochloride with luminol in reverse micelles

Cited by 31 publications

References 22 publications

Highly Sensitive Detection of Residual Chlorpromazine Hydrochloride with Solid Substrate Room Temperature Phosphorimetry

Highly Sensitive Detection of Residual Chlorpromazine Hydrochloride with Solid Substrate Room Temperature Phosphorimetry

Simultaneous determination of three banned psychiatric drugs in pig feed and tissue using solid‐phase reactor on‐line oxidizing and HPLC‐fluorescence detection

Method Development and Validation of Assay of Chlorpromazine Hydrochloride Tablet Formulation Using Ultra Violet Visible Spectrophotometry

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