-Recent trends in ion exchange membrane research are summarized from viewpoint of manufacturing ion-exchange membranes. While ion-exchange membranes used in industrial area are mostly of the polymerization types crosslinked by divinylbenzene or of perfluorocarbon types, various attempts to make new types of membranes have also been made using other polymers and different methods. For certain industrial requirements, ion-exchange membranes having an anisotropic structure are used in various areas : electrodialytic concentration of sea water, electrolysis of sodium chloride, reverse osmosis etc. And micro-structure of the membranes is also actively analyzed by various measuring methods.Industrial applications of the membranes, being practiced, are discussed according to our experience. Electrodialysis is applied to concentration of sea water for making edible salt, demineralization of saline water, treatment of waste water and food industry.Electrolysis of sodium chloride and other solutions is also discussed.Other applications are diffusion dialysis to recover acid from waste acid solutions, and separator for battery. In this work, other various researches concerning membrane usage are explained by citing the literature.