Ion-Sensitive “Isothermal” Responsive Polymers Prepared in Water

Magnusson, Johannes P.; Khan, Adnan; Pasparakis, George; Saeed, Aram; Wang, Wenxian; Alexander, Cameron

doi:10.1021/ja802609r

Cited by 232 publications

(250 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…The actual change in bound water content of the polymer layer may have taken place at a slightly lower temperature for the polymer brushes in cell culture media, as ionic associations with polymers leading to 'salting-in' can occur. 33,34 Thus it is conceivable that the Brush 3 polymers chain-extended at a temperature slightly below 34 °C but above 32 °C in media, giving rise to the changes in cell attachment, whereas their Lewis base change occurred in pure solvent just above 34 °C as indicated in Figure 3. Nevertheless, the changes in surface properties around the UCST clearly affected cell adhesion, and the extension of this promising methodology to other cell types is now ongoing in our laboratories.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Upper critical solution temperature thermo-responsive polymer brushes and a mechanism for controlled cell attachment

et al. 2017

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We report the synthesis of thermo-responsive polymer brushes with Upper Critical Solution Temperature (UCST)-type behaviour on glass to provide a new means to control cell attachment. Thermoresponsive poly(N-acryloyl glycinamide)-statpoly(N-phenylacrylamide) (PNAGAm-PNPhAm) brushes with three different monomer ratios were synthesized to give tunable phase transition temperatures (Tp) in solution. Surface energies of surface-grafted brushes of these polymers at 25, 32, 37 and 50 C were calculated from contact angle measurements and atomic force microscopy (AFM) studies confirmed that these polymers were highly extended at temperatures close to Tp in physiologically-relevant media. Importantly, NIH-3T3 cells were attached on the collapsed PNAGAm-PNPhAm brush surface at 30 C after 20 h incubation, while release of cells from the extended brushes was observed within 2 h after the culture temperature was switched to 37 C. Furthermore, the changes in cell attachment followed changes in the Lewis base component of surface energy. The results indicate that, in contrast to the established paradigm of enhanced cell attachment to surfaces where polymers are above a Lower Critical Solution Temperature (LCST), these novel substrates enable detachment of cells from surfaces at temperatures above a UCST. In turn these responsive materials open new avenues for the use of polymer-modified surfaces to control cell attachment for applications in cell manufacture and regenerative medicine.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Upper critical solution temperature thermo-responsive polymer brushes and a mechanism for controlled cell attachment

et al. 2017

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“…28,29 In the case of P(PEGMMA), the transition temperature may also be tailored through the number of ethylene glycol units in the macromonomer. 30 P(PEGMMA)-based materials have been well studied in solution [28][29][30][31] and as brushes grown from surface initiation sites presented from thiol 25 or silane monolayers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conductive surfaces with dynamic switching in response to temperature and salt

et al. 2015

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This work demonstrates polymer brushes grafted from conductive polymer films which display dynamic surface switching dependent on salt, temperature and electrode potential. The electroactivity presented by the conductive polymer and the responsiveness of the grafted brushes leads to an interface with multiple control parameters. Here, we demonstrate this concept by grafting of uncharged brushes of poly(ethylene glycol)methyl ether methacrylates from conducting polymer poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT), and observe a temperature-and salt-induced switch of brush conformation, and their effect on the electrochemistry of the material. The switching conditions can be tailored by copolymerizing monomers with different numbers of ethylene glycol units. In addition, these surfaces exhibit antifouling properties, leading to potential applications such as electrically-addressable biointerfaces. Conductive surfaces with dynamic switching in response to temperature and salt † This work demonstrates polymer brushes grafted from conductive polymer films which display dynamic surface switching dependent on salt, temperature and electrode potential. The electroactivity presented by the conductive polymer and the responsiveness of the grafted brushes leads to an interface with multiple control parameters. Here, we demonstrate this concept by grafting of uncharged brushes of poly(ethylene glycol)methyl ether methacrylates from conducting polymer poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT), and observe a temperature-and salt-induced switch of brush conformation, and their effect on the electrochemistry of the material. The switching conditions can be tailored by copolymerizing monomers with different numbers of ethylene glycol units. In addition, these surfaces exhibit antifouling properties, leading to potential applications such as electrically-addressable biointerfaces.

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“…This polymer synthon was chosen by preliminary experiments which were performed with laurylmethacrylate and n-butyl methacrylate as potential hydrophobic building blocks; p(EHMA) was shortlisted as it exhibited the lowest critical micelle concentration and optimum colloidal stability compared to the other two candidates (data not shown). The thermoresponsive corona was based on the copolymer of di(ethylene glycol)methyl ether methacrylate (DiEGMA) and oligo(ethylene glycol)methyl ether methacrylate (OEGMA 300 ); [23][24][25] these co-monomers were chosen as they resemble the structure of poly(ethylene glycol) which is biocompatible, and protein repellent which allows for prolonged circulation of the carriers in the bloodstream with minimum opsonisation by the mononuclear phagocyte system. 26 In addition, this monomer system may be polymerized by controlled polymerization reactions, allowing for precise control on the final polymer structure and it is also possible to tune the LCST of the polymer by adjusting the DiEGMA : OEGMA 300 monomer feed ratio.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dual controlled delivery of squalenoyl-gemcitabine and paclitaxel using thermo-responsive polymeric micelles for pancreatic cancer

Emamzadeh

Desmaële

Couvreur

et al. 2017

Journal of Controlled Release

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In this study we report the synthesis of a themroresponsive block copolymer by reversible addition fragmentation transfer polymerization comprising poly(2-ethylhexyl methacrylate)-b-poly[di(ethylene glycol)methyl ether methacrylate-co-oligo(ethylene glycol)methyl ether methacrylate] as hydrophobic and thermoresponsive blocks respectively. The polymer self-assembles into sub-50 micelles and can carry simultaneously two drug molecules, namely squalene-gemcitabine and paclitaxel. Both drugs can be released from the micellar compartment in a thermally controlled manner owing to the controllable disruption of the micellar corona above the lower critical solution temperature of the polymer. We demonstrate that the formulation augments synergistically the cytotoxicity of the two drugs in vitro against a model pancreatic cancer cell line. More importantly, it is shown that the polymer exerts a direct interaction with the cell membrane which further augments the cytotoxicity of the drug cargo in a thermally controlled manner.

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Ion-Sensitive “Isothermal” Responsive Polymers Prepared in Water

Cited by 232 publications

References 24 publications

Upper critical solution temperature thermo-responsive polymer brushes and a mechanism for controlled cell attachment

Upper critical solution temperature thermo-responsive polymer brushes and a mechanism for controlled cell attachment

Conductive surfaces with dynamic switching in response to temperature and salt

Dual controlled delivery of squalenoyl-gemcitabine and paclitaxel using thermo-responsive polymeric micelles for pancreatic cancer

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