Ionic interactions of divalent metals in natural waters

Millero, Frank J.; Hawke, David J.

doi:10.1016/0304-4203(92)90046-d

Cited by 81 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…In general, the higher ionic strength of marine waters will reduce metal ion activity with more chloride complexation, and higher sulfate concentrations [130,131]. However, protons are known to compete with some metals for uptake, so under the more alkaline conditions of seawater, metal ion activity might increase.…”

Section: Factors Affecting Chemical Sequestrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing contaminated sediments in the context of multiple stressors

Burton

Johnston

2010

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

145

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Abstract-Sediments have a major role in ecosystem functioning but can also act as physical or chemical stressors. Anthropogenic activities may change the chemical constituency of sediments and the rate, frequency, and extent of sediment transport, deposition, and resuspension. The importance of sediments as stressors will depend on site ecosystem attributes and the magnitude and preponderance of co-occurring stressors. Contaminants are usually of greater ecological consequence in human-modified, depositional environments, where other anthropogenic stressors often co-occur. Risk assessments and restoration strategies should better consider the role of chemical contamination in the context of multiple stressors. There have been numerous advances in the temporal and spatial characterization of stressor exposures and quantification of biological responses. Contaminated sediments causing biological impairment tend to be patchy, whereas more pervasive anthropogenic stressors, such as alterations to habitat and flow, physical disturbance, and nutrient addition, may drive large-scale ecosystem responses. A systematic assessment of relevant ecosystem attributes and reference conditions can assist in understanding the importance of sediments in the context of other stressors. Experimental manipulations then allow for the controlled study of dominant stressors and the establishment of causal links. This approach will result in more effective management of watersheds and waterways. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2010;29:262529: -264329: . # 2010

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Section: Factors Affecting Chemical Sequestrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing contaminated sediments in the context of multiple stressors

Burton

Johnston

2010

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

145

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“…The medium used in the photocyte bioassay (ASW) was the only medium for which the ionic strength exceeded 0.5. It was necessary to invoke the MacInnes convention and the Debye-Huckel limiting law developed by Millero and coworkers (Millero and Schreiber, 1982;Millero and Hawke, 1992). It was not possible to apply the MacInnes convention for activity correction to 7 of 183 complexes formed because the required physicochemical data were unavailable for those complexes.…”

Section: Speciation Calculationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical speciation and toxicity of metals assessed by three bioluminescence‐based assays using marine organisms

Deheyn

Bencheikh-Latmani

Latz

2004

Environmental Toxicology

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ABSTRACT:Metal toxicity is a function of the biology of the target organism and the chemical speciation of the metal. The toxicity of 11 metals was assessed with three cell-based bioassays based on marine organisms: the bacterium Photobacterium phosphoreum of the Microtoxா bioassay, an environmental strain of P. phosphoreum, and photocytes isolated from the brittlestar Ophiopsila californica. Metal speciation was calculated for three commonly used media: NaCl-based Microtoxா bioassay medium, artificial seawater glycerol, and artificial seawater. Decreased bioluminescence was considered a proxy for cell toxicity. In all three assays the elements Cd and Hg exhibited similar speciation as well as similar toxicity profiles. The element Cu was toxic in all three assays despite different metal speciation for the P. phosphoreum bioassay. The element Ag was toxic to both bacterial strains but not to photocytes despite a similar chemical speciation for all three assays. In general, the Microtoxா bioassay was sensitive to all metals (except Pb), whereas the photocytes were the least sensitive to the metals. The heightened response of the Microtoxா bioassay probably resulted from a combination of the limited complexing power of the medium and the greater sensitivity of the bacterial strain.

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“…In order to verify the reliability of the different models proposed, several acid-base systems have been investigated, and the stability for many ionic interactions has been done in media simulating sea water, i.e. in artificial sea waters (Atlas et al, 1976;Byrne and Miller, 1985;Butler, 1992;Cosovic et al, 1982;Culberson et al, 1970;Riley, 1979a, 1979b;Dyrssen and Hansson, 1972;Elgquist and Wedborg, 1974, 1975, 1978Harvie et al, 1984;Hershey et al, 1986Hershey et al, , 1989Johansson and Wedborg, 1979;Pytkowicz, 1967, 1979;Millero, 1979Millero, , 1983Millero and Byrne, 1984;Millero and Hawke, 1992;Millero and Thurmond, 1983;Millero et al, 1987;Pytkowicz and Hawley, 197 4;Sharma and Millero, 1990;Stanley and Byrne, 1990;Turner and Whitfield, 1987;Whitfield, 1974).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several efforts have been made by marine chemists, in the last 30 years, in order to build up chemical models of sea water useful to predict some important questions, such as minerals solubility and biochemical availability, and able, in general, to estimate the variation of activity coefficients of major and minor ions and to known the speciation of elements in natural waters (Atkinson et al, 1973;Byrne et al, 1988;Dickson and Whitfield, 1981;Dyrssen and Wedborg, 1974;Garrels and Thompson, 1962;Jenne, 1979;Johnson and Pytkowicz, 1979;Kester and Pytkowicz, 1975;Millero, 1974Millero, , 1982Millero, , 1990Millero and Hawke, 1992;Millero and Schreiber, 1982;Pytkowicz and Kester, 1969;Sillen, 1961;Turner et al, 1981;Whitfield, 1973Whitfield, , 1975aWhitfield, , 1975b. To be rigorous, these models should take into account all possible interactions between major components and should be able to consider also other interactions with organic and/or inorganic micro-costituents.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Equilibrium studies in natural fluids: a chemical speciation model for the major constituents of sea water

Robertis

Stefano

Sammartano

et al. 1994

Chemical Speciation & Bioavailability

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The speciation of Cl-, OH-and S04 2 -in synthetic sea water has been studied by potentiometric measurements (pH-metric and ISE-Na methods) and by literature data analysis, using a well tested complex formation model. Stability constants, together with distribution of hypothesised species in synthetic sea water, as a function of temperature and salinity, are reported. The speciation model proposed in this work is discussed on the basis of chemical and statistical considerations. Comparison with some literature sea water models is given.

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Ionic interactions of divalent metals in natural waters

Cited by 81 publications

References 60 publications

Assessing contaminated sediments in the context of multiple stressors

Assessing contaminated sediments in the context of multiple stressors

Chemical speciation and toxicity of metals assessed by three bioluminescence‐based assays using marine organisms

Equilibrium studies in natural fluids: a chemical speciation model for the major constituents of sea water

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