Ionic liquid-based dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction followed by magnetic solid-phase extraction for determination of quinolones

Abstract

An ionic liquid-based dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (IL-DLLME) combined with magnetic solid-phase extraction (MSPE) was developed for extraction of quinolones (quinolones) from honey and milk prior to high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis. 1-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate was used as the extraction solvent and an effective adsorbent based on chitosan modified magnetic core-shell functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNTs-Fe 3 O 4 @SiO 2 -CS) nanoparticles was used to assist IL to adsorb quinolone residues in honey and milk samples. Extraction conditions were optimized through one-factor-at-a-time and response surface methodology using a Box-Behnken design. Under optimum conditions satisfactory linearity (R 2 > 0.999) and high sensitivity (method limits of quantification were 4-8 μg kg −1 or μg L −1 in honey or milk samples) was achieved. The recoveries of quinolones in honey and milk ranged from 81.2 to 109%. Based on this study, the proposed method was employed for the determination of antibiotic residues in honey and milk samples.

Ionic Liquid-Dispersive Micro-Extraction and Detection by High Performance Liquid Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry for Antifouling Biocides in Water

“…Therefore, various ILs have been used as extraction solvents of DLLME, such as 1-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate ([HMIM][PF6]), 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate, tetradecyl (trihexyl) phosphonium chloride, and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bis (trifluoromethylsulfonyl) imide [ 23 , 28 ], which are typically recognized as green solvents in analytical chemistry [ 29 ], thereby deriving the IL-DLLME approach. Neurotransmitters [ 30 ], anthraquinones [ 31 ], phthalate esters [ 32 ], organic dyes [ 33 ], metal ions [ 34 , 35 ], pesticides [ 36 , 37 ], antibiotics [ 38 , 39 ], and other biological compounds, as well as food and environmental pollutants, have all been focused using IL-DLLME. However, the IL has not yet been used to extract antifouling biocides from water samples.…”

Monovalent Antigen-Induced Aggregation (MAA) Biosensors Using Immunomagnetic Beads in Both Sample Separation and Signal Generation for Label-Free Detection of Enrofloxacin

“…37/2010). 7 Conventional methods for ENR detection mainly include chromatographic methods and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). 8,9 However, they either are sensitive and accurate but require well-trained technicians and expensive apparatus; or are facile and cost-effective but show poor accuracy and stability.…”

“…Consequently, many countries and organizations, including China and the European Union, have set the maximum residue limits (MRLs) for the sum of ENR and ciprofloxacin to 100–300 μg kg –1 in animal tissues (GB 31650-2019; Commission Regulation (EU) No. 37/2010) . Conventional methods for ENR detection mainly include chromatographic methods and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). , However, they either are sensitive and accurate but require well-trained technicians and expensive apparatus; or are facile and cost-effective but show poor accuracy and stability.…”

Application of novel nanomaterials labeled molecular imprinting technique in the detection and adsorptive removal of fluoroquinolones

“…Therefore, the establishment of e cient and fast FQs detection methods has attracted more and more attention. At present, the commonly used detection methods for FQs include ultra-high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) , magnetic solid phase extraction (M-SPE) (Hong et al 2022) and reversed phase thin layer chromatography (Urszula et al 2015). Although these methods have the advantages of high separation e ciency, accurate quanti cation and high e ciency, they have not been widely used in FQs detection because of the need for expensive instruments and complex and cumbersome pretreatment procedures for the preparation of magnetic polymers.…”