Ionic liquid based microextraction combined with derivatization for efficient enrichment/determination of asulam and sulfide

Abstract

This study reports 2 new simple derivatization-based dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME) methods for spectrophotometric ultratrace determination of asulam and sulfide. 1-Naphthol (in the presence of nitrite) and N,N-diethyl-p-phenylenediamine (in the presence of Fe(III)) were used to derivatize asulam and sulfide, respectively.In the enrichment methods, the formed derivatives were preconcentrated into microdroplets of the in situ formed water insoluble ionic liquid (IL), 1-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate. Monitoring was performed at 526 nm for asulam and at 664 nm for sulfide, after dissolution of the IL-rich phases into the basic ethanolic solution and ethanol for asulam and sulfide, respectively. Beer's law was obeyed in the ranges of 1.0-80.0 and 0.1-5.0 ng mL −1 for asulam and sulfide, respectively. Limits of detection for asulam and sulfide determination by the DLLME methods were 0.18 and 0.019 ng mL −1 , respectively. Various foreign cations, anions, organics, and pesticides were tested to evaluate the selectivity of the DLLME methods. The methods were successfully applied to the determination of asulam and sulfide in various environmental, wastewater, and urine samples.

Online determination of sulfide using an optical immersion probe combined with headspace liquid-phase microextraction

“…Comparative characteristics of the developed method with the methods proposed in the literature for the sulfide determination combined with different microextraction techniques are given in Table 3 . In contrast to dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction, 9 the proposed method has better selectivity due to the absence of contact between the donor and acceptor phases. Application of this method also simplifies the procedure of the analysis and reduces the analysis time, since optical probe permits to avoid the stage of transferring the analyte to the microcuvette and a time-consuming and complicated preparation stage before analysis.…”

A green, novel and simple microprecipitation technique for separation and preconcentration of cadmium with 1-(2-thiazolylazo)-2-naphthol in food samples and determination by microsampling flame atomic absorption spectrometry

“…To evaluate the procedure and its capacity to retain quantitative recovery under different sample conditions, it is important to determine the effect of the presence of coexisting ions. [30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37] Herein, the effects of the presence of Na + , K + , Mg 2+ , Ca 2+ , Co 2+ , Ni 2+ , Cu 2+ , Fe 3+ , Zn 2+ , Cl À , CO 3 2À , NO 3 À , SO 4 2À and F À were investigated. The results are presented in Table 1.…”

Application of conventional and modified cloud point extraction for simultaneous enrichment of cadmium, lead and copper in lake water and fish muscles

“…Many instrumental approaches, such as electroanalytical methods, flame (FAAS) and electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry and inductively coupled plasma, hyphenated with optical emission and mass spectrometry are being widely employed for the analysis of trace quantity of heavy metal ions in different media [26][27][28][29][30][31]. Among these techniques, FAAS is being M a n u s c r i p t extensively used for the analysis of low levels of metal analytes, due to comparatively uncomplicated and low cost apparatus required [32][33][34].…”