Ionic Liquid-Modified Microporous ZnCoNC-Based Electrocatalysts for Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells

Wang, Min; Zhang, Huixin; Thirunavukkarasu, G.; Salam, Ihtasham; Varcoe, John R.; Mardle, Peter; Li, Xiaoying; Mu, Shichun; Du, Shangfeng

doi:10.1021/acsenergylett.9b01407

Cited by 56 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Multiple researchers have studied the effect of the loading of the IL layer, on the activity of ORR catalysts, using an RDE setup. [ 13,29,34,36,72 ] Independent of the nature of the catalyst and on the testing conditions, all reported results showed a similar dependence of ORR activity on the coverage of IL. Typically, as we increase the presence of IL, the electrocatalytic performance shows an initial increase, followed by a drop.…”

Section: Solid Catalysts With An Il Layermentioning

confidence: 70%

“…Later on, synthetic procedures have been introduced that allow for controlled and smaller loading of ILs. They consist of the dilution of the catalyst and the desired amount of IL in isopropanol, [ 13,29,31,13–13 ] ethanol, [ 12 ] or ethanol/water mixtures, [ 33 ] generally followed by mixing, sonication, and evaporation. Du and coworkers utilized 10 min sonication, followed by 3 h of magnetic stirring, partial solvent evaporation by vacuum desiccation, and centrifugation to isolate the catalyst.…”

Section: Solid Catalysts With An Il Layermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Du and coworkers have applied a similar procedure, consisting of 30 min ultrasonication, followed by drying in a vacuum desiccator at room temperature. [ 13 ] Finally, an earlier study from our laboratory showed that you could apply 10 min of ultrasonication followed by 60 h of shaking. After the addition of Nafion, the mixture is directly used as ink and drop casted on the electrode, where it is dried at ambient pressure and temperature.…”

Section: Solid Catalysts With An Il Layermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Data presented in shades of blue were tested in alkaline electrolyte, whereas those in orange in acid electrolyte. From top to bottom presented data were originally reported as follows: ZnCoN/C + [BMIm][NTF2], [ 13 ] GN + [BMIm][NTF2], [ 33 ] GN + [EIm][NTF2], [ 33 ] FeN/C + [BMIm][NTF2], [ 34 ] FeNS/C + [BMIm][NTF2]. [ 34 ] Detailed information about the experimental parameters are presented in Table S1, Supporting Information.…”

Section: Solid Catalysts With An Il Layermentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Engineering the Electrochemical Interface of Oxygen Reduction Electrocatalysts with Ionic Liquids: A Review

Favero

Stephens

Titirici

2020

Adv Energy and Sustain Res

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Hydrogen fuel cells are a promising technology for the environmentally sustainable production of electricity. However, their commercialization is hindered by the sluggish kinetics of the oxygen reduction reaction and by the high cost of the state‐of‐the‐art platinum catalysts. To address these challenges, research has focused on the enhancement of the activity of platinum and platinum group metal (PGM)‐free electrocatalysts, by modifying their composition and topology. Recently, a new approach has emerged to boost the activity of ORR catalysts, based on engineering the electrochemical interface. Herein, the recent developments in the use of ionic liquids (ILs) to modify the triple‐point interface of ORR catalysts are summarized. In this review, the current understanding in the literature of the effect of IL layers is presented, along with the open questions and remaining challenges. A short perspective on the applicability of this simple and effective modification to other electrochemical reactions is discussed.

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Section: Solid Catalysts With An Il Layermentioning

confidence: 70%

Section: Solid Catalysts With An Il Layermentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Solid Catalysts With An Il Layermentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Solid Catalysts With An Il Layermentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Engineering the Electrochemical Interface of Oxygen Reduction Electrocatalysts with Ionic Liquids: A Review

Favero

Stephens

Titirici

2020

Adv Energy and Sustain Res

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Emerging Applications of Solid Catalysts with Ionic Liquid Layer Concept in Electrocatalysis

Zhang

Etzold

2021

Adv Funct Materials

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The concept of solid catalysts with ionic liquid layer (SCILL) originates from the field of heterogeneous catalysis, where it offers a unique way to regulate both the catalytic activity and selectivity. In recent years, applying this concept in electrocatalysis represented a new, exciting, and growing research field. Herein, emerging applications of the SCILL concept in the context of electrocatalysis for key energy storage/conversion processes such as oxygen reduction, oxygen evolution, and CO2 reduction reactions are comprehensively reviewed. Alongside case studies highlighting the history, development and latest progress of the SCILL concept, mechanistic underpinnings on the roles of ILs in each application are critically discussed. At the same time, the key challenges and future opportunities in fully leveraging the SCILL concept for either regulating the performance of electrocatalysts or gaining mechanistic understandings for those electrocatalytic processes with complex reaction pathways are outlined.

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Recent Advances in Electrocatalysts for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells and Alkaline Membrane Fuel Cells

et al. 2021

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kinetics of ORR is around five orders of magnitude slower than that of HOR, thereby requiring a much higher Pt loading in the cathode along with more active and durable ORR electrocatalysts than pure Pt catalysts. [1] This requirement presents challenges for the development of advanced cathode catalysts with lower cost, higher activity and higher durability than Pt. Meanwhile, traditional alkaline fuel cells (AFCs) working on concentrated 30−45% KOH electrolytes gained little attention for decades mainly due to their high sensitivity to atmospheric CO 2 . [2,3] The OH − ions in the electrolyte react with CO 2 and form K 2 CO 3 , which can precipitate out as solid crystals, blocking pores in the electrode and gas diffusion layer. In addition, the consumption of OH − reduces the conductivity of the electrolyte. This issue is addressed by replacing KOH solution with a solid anion exchange membrane (AEM) without mobile cations. An AMFC offers several important advantages over PEMFCs, including: 1) low dissolution rates of catalysts, allowing the use of less expensive Pt-free electrocatalysts; 2) wide selections of materials and components that are stable at high pH; and 3) inexpensive solid electrolytes that do not need fluorinated ionomers. Despite their promise, AMFCs are still in the early development stage and have not been systematically investigated due to the lack of highly conductive and durable AEMs. The recent development of highly conductive The rapid progress of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) and alkaline exchange membrane fuel cells (AMFCs) has boosted the hydrogen economy concept via diverse energy applications in the past decades. For a holistic understanding of the development status of PEMFCs and AMFCs, recent advancements in electrocatalyst design and catalyst layer optimization, along with cell performance in terms of activity and durability in PEMFCs and AMFCs, are summarized here. The activity, stability, and fuel cell performance of different types of electrocatalysts for both oxygen reduction reaction and hydrogen oxidation reaction are discussed and compared. Research directions on the further development of active, stable, and low-cost electrocatalysts to meet the ultimate commercialization of PEMFCs and AMFCs are also discussed.The ORCID identification number(s) for the author(s) of this article can be found under https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.202006292.

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Ionic Liquid-Modified Microporous ZnCoNC-Based Electrocatalysts for Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells

Cited by 56 publications

References 44 publications

Engineering the Electrochemical Interface of Oxygen Reduction Electrocatalysts with Ionic Liquids: A Review

Engineering the Electrochemical Interface of Oxygen Reduction Electrocatalysts with Ionic Liquids: A Review

Emerging Applications of Solid Catalysts with Ionic Liquid Layer Concept in Electrocatalysis

Recent Advances in Electrocatalysts for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells and Alkaline Membrane Fuel Cells

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