Ionic liquids: a versatile medium for palladium-catalyzed reactions

Abstract

Um grande número de reações de formação de ligações carbono-carbono (tais como: acoplamentos de Heck, Suzuki, Stille, Negishi e Sonogashira, entre outros) é facilitado pela catálise com compostos de paládio. Neste artigo de revisão, apresentamos uma visão detalhada e compreensiva da literatura sobre a versatilidade do uso de líquidos iônicos em conjunto com paládio em vários tipos de reações.A number of carbon-carbon bond forming reactions in organic chemistry (such as the Heck, Suzuki, Stille, Negishi, Sonogashira coupling etc) are facilitated by catalysis with palladium compounds. An attempt has been made to present a detailed and comprehensive literature collection about the versatility of ionic liquid in conjunction with palladium for various types of reactions.

Palladium–poly(ionic liquid) membranes for permselective sonochemical flow catalysis

“…Ionic liquids tend to solvate a wide range of species including unsubstituted benzene and haloarenes [68,69], therefore iodobenzene can diffuse directly through the poly(ionic liquid) layer, accounting for its high concentration in the product solution. Comparatively, phenylboronic acid is insoluble in some imidazolium ionic liquids and will therefore predominantly remain behind in the reactant ethanol:water solvent phase [70]. The absence of transportation for the water and ethanol reaction mixture constituents through the catalyst membrane is most probably due to the immiscibility of ethanol and water with imidazole containing ionic liquids and the pulsed plasma deposited poly(vinylbenzyl chloride) interfacial layer at ambient temperature [71][72][73], as well as liquid repellency from the underlying PTFE membrane (surface tension of water = 72.8 mN m −1 [74], surface tension of ethanol = 22.3 mN m −1 [74], and surface energy of PTFE = 20.0 mN m −1 [75]).…”

Heck Reaction—State of the Art

“…Singh et al [102] reviewed the use of ionic liquids medium for many palladium catalyzed reactions like Heck, Suzuki, Stille, Negishi, Trost-Tsuji and Sonogoshira coupling. A comprehensive literature about the versatility of ionic liquid in conjunction with palladium for these reactions is cited.…”

Pulse polarographic determination of thiophanate methyl fungicide in relation to its soil adsorption study

“…Further copper(II) perchlorate shows good solution stability in acetonitrile; and in the presence of BMIB ionic liquid, it becomes a powerful oxidant as the resulting copper(I) perchlorate is stabilized by solvation, making it resistant to aerial oxidation. Ionic liquids find wide use in electrochemistry, and their usefulness in accelerating the reaction rate of redox reactions is well known (Welton 2004;Xiaodong et al 2008;Afsanch et al 2006;Fabio and Cinzia 2010;Singh et al 2008). Of the various concentrations of BMIB ionic liquid tested to obtain better results in terms of sensitivity, 0.2 mL of 2 × 10 −4 mol L −1 of ionic liquid has been found to be most suitable.…”