Ionic liquids as solvents for the Knoevenagel condensation: understanding the role of solvent–solute interactions

Abstract

The hydrogen bond basicityβof ionic liquids, as demonstrated by the NMR studies and the Kamlet–Taft linear solvation energy relationship, was confirmed to be the dominant solvent descriptor determining the rate of the Knoevenagel condensation.

The physicochemical properties of a room-temperature liquidus binary ionic liquid mixture of [HNMP][CH3SO3]/[Bmim]Cl and its application for fructose conversion to 5-hydroxymethylfurfural

“…17,18 In general, by changing the type of ion and/or the ratio of the ions, one could obtain a binary IL mixture with unique properties (e.g., melting point, viscosity, polarity, hydrogen-bond accepting and donating abilities, etc.) and tune the chemical reactions in it.…”

“…It is known that the interaction between ILs and reactant/ intermediates/products have effects on chemical reactions in the ILs as media. 17,[36][37][38][39] Here, an attempt was made to correlate the formation rate of HMF with the hydrogen-bond donating/ accepting ability of the binary IL mixtures. To prevent the interference from the preferential solvation in the [Bmim]Clrich medium and from the negative effect of the high viscosity on the mass transfer, 17 only data over x ¼ 0.33-0.80 are used for discussion.…”

New dicationic DABCO-based ionic liquids: a scalable metal-free one-pot synthesis of bis-2-amino-5-arylidenethiazol-4-ones

“…Furthermore, it was essential that the effectiveness of the as-synthesized bis-DIL ( 3a ) be compared with other ILs in order to clear up its accessibility and merits. For this reason, the synthesis of compound 9a was selected as the model reaction and was compared in terms of reaction time and yield with some commercially available ILs [39–41]. As shown in table 7, compound 9a was obtained in a shorter time and higher yield when bis-DIL ( 3a ) was used, clarifying its applicability as an adequate IL for the promotion of these MCRs.…”

Ionic liquids and their modification with lithium salts –synthesis and studies

“…The first, which has been known for more than thirty years, requires alkylation of 1-substituted imidazoles by trialkyl phosphates, mainly by trimethyl phosphate (route A, Fig. 3.1) [17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25]. This is the method for preparation of different 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium dimethyl phosphates (2).…”

“…Like other ILs, IA-DMPs most frequently are used as reaction media or/and catalysts in organic synthesis. This field of application has lately been also quite extensively investigated at the University of Latvia [19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26]. The use of IA-DMP in other research areas (electrochemistry, extraction processes, formation of composite materials, etc.)…”