The physicochemical properties of a room-temperature liquidus binary ionic liquid mixture of [HNMP][CH₃SO₃]/[Bmim]Cl and its application for fructose conversion to 5-hydroxymethylfurfural

Task-Specific Organic Salts and Ionic Liquids Binary Mixtures: A Combination to Obtain 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural From Carbohydrates

“…To this aim, we tested different extracting solvents and found that 5-HMF could be extracted using diethyl ether (4 × 20 mL). This amount of solvent is in line with what previously reported in the literature (Moreau et al, 2006) due to the known resistance of 5-HMF to be extracted from imidazolium-based ILs (Xiao and Huang, 2018). Using other solvents, like ethyl acetate, toluene, dimethyl carbonate or 2-methylpentanone resulted in insufficient recovery of 5-HMF or loss of IL in the organic phase.…”

“…These can be observed at 9.35 ppm, (H a , Figure 8B) and 5.40 ppm (H b , Figure 8C). We explained these findings by hypothesizing the occurrence of a mechanism similar to that recently reported by Huang for the dehydration of fructose in a IL binary mixture, (Zhang et al, 2015; Xiao and Huang, 2018) featuring two cyclic intermediates (Figure 9).…”

Ionic Liquids in Biomass Processing

“…Reference 1-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium hydrogensulfate, AlCl 3 Glucose 5-Ethoxymethyl furfural [166] 1-Butyl-3-methyl imidazolium chloride, polymeric solid catalysts Cellulose HMF [167,168] 1-Butyl-3-methyl imidazolium chloride or 1-Ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride and metal chlorides Switch grass HMF [169] N-methyl-2-pyrrolidonium methylsulfonate and 1-Butyl-3-methyl imidazolium chloride Fructose HMF [170] 1-Butyl-3-methyl imidazolium chloride, NH 4 Al(OH) 2 CO 3 in DMSO, sulfated zirconia, CrCl 3 , FeCl 3 and TiOSO 4 Glucose HMF [171,172,173] 1-Butyl-3-methyl imidazolium chloride with p-toluenesulfonic acid Fructose HMF [174] 1-Butyl-3-methyl imidazolium bromide, KL zeolite -NH 4 NO 3 Fructose HMF [175] N-Methylimidazolium hydrogensulfate N-acetyl-D-gluco-samine HMF [176] 1-(3-Propylsulfonic)-3-methylimidazolium hydrogensulfate in water Sugarcane bagasse, Hemicellulose Furfural [177,178] 1-Butyl-3-methyl imidazolium chloride and Et butyrate Cellulose HMF [168] 1-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride and AlCl 4 Xylose and arabinose Furfural [179] 1-(3-Propylsulfonic)-3-methylimidazolium chloride, 1-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium hydrogensulfate Xylose Furfural [180,181,182] 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 2...…”

Ion speciation: a key for the understanding of the solution properties of ionic liquid mixtures

“…4 Not surprisingly these ionic liquid mixtures have become very popular and are known to have a plethora of applications. [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14] While the application of ionic liquid mixtures keeps growing, the fundamental knowledge of the interactions that occur in the system is only beginning to be acquired.…”