Ionic liquids: New generation stable plasticizers for poly(vinyl chloride)

Rahman, Mustafizur; Brazel, Christopher S.

doi:10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2006.05.012

Cited by 214 publications

(152 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…2,3 Ionic liquids (ILs) have been proposed as one of the new alternative plasticizers for PVC owing to their low volatility, high versatility and good thermal stability. 4,5 Studies have shown that ILs can act as a plasticizer for PVC by reducing the glass transition temperature and elastic modulus [6][7][8] , increase…”

Section: A C C E P T E D Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…elongation at break 5 , reduce ultimate tensile strength [9][10][11] , and decrease viscosity. 12 As the cationic and anionic components of ILs can be tailored for different functions, this can result in dual or multiple functional ILs.…”

Section: A C C E P T E D Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Generally, it is reported that addition of any plasticizer regardless of whether it is phthalate or IL, can reduce the thermal stability of polymers. 5,7 However, phthalates and ILs have very different thermal stability, the latter more stable than the former. Therefore, while it could be expected that the thermal stability of PVC-phthalate systems are slightly lower than that of neat PVC, due to the lower thermal stability of phthalate plasticizer, a similar effect observed for PVC-IL systems, which has been reported in literature [5][6][7][8] , needs to be investigated further.…”

Section: Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of dual functional ionic liquids on the thermal degradation of poly(vinyl chloride)

Lorenzetti

Choi

Roso

et al. 2016

Polymer Degradation and Stability

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Copyright and reuse:The Warwick Research Archive Portal (WRAP) makes this work by researchers of the University of Warwick available open access under the following conditions. Copyright © and all moral rights to the version of the paper presented here belong to the individual author(s) and/or other copyright owners. To the extent reasonable and practicable the material made available in WRAP has been checked for eligibility before being made available.Copies of full items can be used for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-profit purposes without prior permission or charge. Provided that the authors, title and full bibliographic details are credited, a hyperlink and/or URL is given for the original metadata page and the content is not changed in any way. This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. M A N U S C R I P T A C C E P T E D ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPT Effect of dual functional ionic liquids on the thermal degradation of poly(vinyl chloride)Alessandra Lorenzetti M A N U S C R I P T A C C E P T E D ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPT AbstractThe short-term thermal stability of PVC on addition of functional ionic liquids (ILs) based on phosphonium and pyridinium cations, and a docusate anion, was studied using FTIR, TGA-MS and TGA-FTIR. The thermal stability of PVC plasticized with these ILs is reduced and the activation energy for thermal degradation for the first step of PVC degradation lowered, relative to neat PVC. This feature is not dependent on the thermal stability of the IL itself, as their addition to neat PVC did not result in increased thermal stability of the resin. Analysis of the gases evolved during thermal degradation showed that there is no variation in the mechanism of PVC degradation in the presence of ILs, the only difference observed is that HCl is evolved at lower temperatures for PVC-ILs samples. The ILs had no effect on the second step of the thermal degradation of PVC. The decrease in the thermal stability of PVC-ILs is associated with two different effects: firstly, the anion weakens the C-H bond while the cation forms complexes and weakens the C-Cl bond; second, the IL interaction with the polymer chains partly substitutes the interaction between the polymer chain and heat stabilizers (e.g. stearates) added to the PVC compound. In this way, the latter tends to be expelled from the bulk polymer, thus not being available for PVC stabilization at high temperature. Heat stabilizer migration is related to the solvating power of the ILs: the higher the solvating power, the higher the migration of heat stabilizer, the lower the thermal stability of the polymer.

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Section: A C C E P T E D Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: A C C E P T E D Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Effect of dual functional ionic liquids on the thermal degradation of poly(vinyl chloride)

Lorenzetti

Choi

Roso

et al. 2016

Polymer Degradation and Stability

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“…Through this technique, the molecular structure of the polymer is changed by different combinations of: chain flexibility and hard segments, chain entanglement, the orientation of different segments, the hydrogen bonds and their intermolecular interactions. Through the modifications of the hard/soft segments ratios of the polymer, it is possible to obtain different physical, thermal and mechanical properties (Chattopadhyay & Raju 2007); (b) the incorporation of plasticizers, which are substances, usually plastics or elastomers, that are incorporated in a material in order to increase its flexibility, workability or extensibility, and modify the thermal and mechanical properties (Wang et al 1997;Rahman & Brazel 2006); (c) throughout the incorporation of particles into a polymeric matrix (Tjong 2006). Some of the most commonly used reinforced particles are: CaCO 3 , glass, carbon fibres, and in the last years, carbon nanotubes have been frequently used due to their extraordinary thermal, electrical and mechanical properties (Wang et al, 1998;Coleman et al, 2004).…”

Section: Definitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microinjection Molding of Enhanced Thermoplastics

Oliveira¹,

Neto²,

Fonseca³

et al. 2012

Thermoplastic Elastomers

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“…[Bmim][OAc] not only plays as the charge carrier for the electrolyte system, but also act as plasticizer that provides mobility to the polymer chain through the secondary polymer-plasticizer bonds that were formed from the breakdown of the primary bonds that hold the polymer chain together [9].The application of ionic liquid as plasticizer in polymer matrix has been investigated previously and has proven to lower to glass transition temperature (T g ) of polymers, good thermodynamic compatibility and also better leaching and migration resistance than the traditional plasticizers [9,10]. Studies conducted by Sankri and co-workers showed that the resulting electrically conductive thermoplastic starch plasticized by ionic liquid sample were less hygroscopic than glycerol plasticized thermoplastic starch [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%