Ionization of argon by two-color laser pulses with coherent phase control

Arbó, D. G.; Lemell, C.; Nagele, Stefan; Camus, Nicolas; Fechner, Lutz; Krupp, Andreas; Pfeifer, Thomas; López, S. D.; Moshammer, R.; Burgdörfer, Joachim

doi:10.1103/physreva.92.023402

Phys. Rev. A

2015

DOI: 10.1103/physreva.92.023402

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Ionization of argon by two-color laser pulses with coherent phase control

D. G. Arbó¹,

C. Lemell²,

Stefan Nagele³

et al.

Abstract: We present a joint experimental and theoretical study of ionization of argon atoms by a linearly polarized two-color laser field (λ 1 = 800 nm, λ 2 = 400 nm). Changing the relative phase ϕ between the two colors, the forward-backward asymmetry of the doubly differential momentum distribution of emitted electrons can be controlled. We find excellent agreement between the measurements and the solution of the time-dependent Schrödinger equation in the single-active electron approximation. Surprisingly we also fin… Show more

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Cited by 52 publications

(44 citation statements)

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“…For the laser parameters of Fig. 1 n α ≈ 12 and the dominant angular momenta of these states have been found to be close to L ≈ √ 2F 0 /ω = 6 [22]. In the presence of the weak dc field F dc , Rydberg states very close to the continuum threshold and well above the potential barrier can be ionized.…”

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confidence: 77%

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Coincidence spectroscopy of high-lying Rydberg states produced in strong laser fields

et al. 2016

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We report on the measurement of electron emission after the interaction of strong laser pulses with atoms and molecules. These electrons originate from high-lying Rydberg states with quantum numbers up to n 120 formed by frustrated field ionization. Simulations show that both tunneling ionization by a weak dc field and photoionization by the black-body radiation contribute to delayed electron emission on the nano-to microsecond scale. We measured ionization rates from these Rydberg states by coincidence spectroscopy. Further, the dependence of the Rydberg-state production on the ellipticity of the driving laser field proves that such high-lying Rydberg states are populated through electron recapture. The present experiment provides detailed quantitative information on Rydberg production by frustrated field ionization.PACS numbers: 32.80. Rm, 32.80.Fb, 42.50.Hz Ionization of atoms and molecules by strong laser fields is the starting point for a multitude of interesting phenomena, e.g., high harmonic generation or molecular fragmentation [1]. For sufficiently strong laser fields corresponding to intensities of the order of I ≈ 10 14 W/cm 2 , atoms and molecules are ionized via tunneling ionization, i.e., an electron passes through the potential barrier of the combined Coulomb and laser fields. After tunneling, electrons are steered by the laser field and most of them will eventually escape the Coulomb field of the remaining ion core. However, a fraction of them are recaptured into highly excited states by the ionic Coulomb field. This process frequently referred to frustrated field ionization (FFI) [2,3] leads to the formation of high-lying Rydberg states with binding energies extending from a fraction of an eV to values of µeV near threshold.Very high-lying Rydberg states with principal quantum numbers n ≈ 100 are quantum objects of macroscopic size allowing for studies of the border between the quantum and the classical worlds [4]. Formation and destruction of such mesoscopic objects can be described by semiclassical and classical methods [5]. Recent experiments on high harmonic generation and electron wave packet interferometry indicate the important contribution of such excited states to different processes [6][7][8][9][10] including ionization and molecular dissociation processes [11][12][13][14]. However, detailed and quantitative information on the FFI following the interaction of femtosecond laser pulses with atoms and molecules appears to be scarce.To explore the production process and the properties of high-lying Rydberg states formed in the strong field interaction with atoms and molecules, direct observation of such states is required. Traditionally, zero kinetic energy photoelectron spectroscopy is applied to study weakly bound states in atoms and molecules [15]. In case of strong field interaction, however, the ionization signal from Rydberg states is completely overshadowed by the dominant laser field-induced ionization signal from the target and the residual gas in the interaction chamber. There...

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confidence: 77%

“…When ions recapture electrons released during the laser pulse, high-n states of the atom with n n α = √ α are populated [11,22] with α = F 0 /ω 2 ir the quiver amplitude (atomic units are used throughout unless otherwise noted). For the laser parameters of Fig.…”

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confidence: 99%

Coincidence spectroscopy of high-lying Rydberg states produced in strong laser fields

et al. 2016

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“…Simple models based on the concept of electron trajectory have been developed in order to describe these phenomena. A well-known example demonstrating the great utility of such models is the famous simple man model (SMM)23456, reproducing many qualitative features of strong field phenomena. The semiclassical TIPIS (tunnel ionization in parabolic coordinates with induced dipole and Stark shift) model578 is known to produce quite accurate quantitative results567910.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…In the TIPIS and similar approaches, the quantum-mechanical Keldysh theory and its modifications11112131415 provide initial velocity distributions679 for the subsequent classical electron motion. The initial value of the coordinate is defined either by the Field Direction Model (FDM)10 or, in a more refined approach based on use of the parabolic coordinate system16, as a point at which electron emerges from under the barrier.…”

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confidence: 99%

Exit point in the strong field ionization process

Ivanov

Nam

Kim

2017

Sci Rep

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We analyze the process of strong field ionization using the Bohmian approach. This allows retention of the concept of electron trajectories. We consider the tunnelling regime of ionization. We show that, in this regime, the coordinate distribution for the ionized electron has peaks near the points in space that can be interpreted as exit points. The interval of time during which ionization occurs is marked by a quick broadening of the coordinate distribution. The concept of the exit point in the tunneling regime, which has long been assumed for the description of strong field ionization, is justified by our analysis.

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Strong-field ionization of Ar atoms with a 45∘ cross-linearly-polarized two-color laser field

Fang

Han

et al. 2019

Phys. Rev. A

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The two-colour light field has been extensively employed in strong field science. However, most of the published works were performed in the parallel polarised two-colour field scheme or the orthogonally polarised two-colour field scheme [1][2][3][4]. In this work, we measure the photoelectron momentum distributions of Ar atoms in cross linearly polarised two-colour (800 nm + 400 nm) laser field with an angle of 45 • . The photoelectron momentum distributions are controlled by tuning the phase of the synthesised two-colour fields. With semi-classical numerical simulation [5,6], we have analysed the subcycle dynamics of the tunnelling electron wave-packets and have studied the Coulomb effect on the evolution of the tunnelling electron wave-packets. Our investigation indicates that the Coulomb effects are strongly dependent on the history of the electric field after the tunnelling. The Coulomb focusing effect and the Coulomb defocusing effects can be controlled on the subcycle timescale at this interaction geometry. We also propose that, by tuning the phase delay of such a two-colour field in the generation of high harmonic, the ellipticity of the harmonics can be controlled without using any X-ray wave plate. We expect such new synthesised electric fields will be widely used in strong-field science.

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Ionization of argon by two-color laser pulses with coherent phase control

Cited by 52 publications

References 57 publications

Coincidence spectroscopy of high-lying Rydberg states produced in strong laser fields

Coincidence spectroscopy of high-lying Rydberg states produced in strong laser fields

Exit point in the strong field ionization process

Strong-field ionization of Ar atoms with a 45∘ cross-linearly-polarized two-color laser field

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