Ionizing Radiation Effects in Single-Crystal and Polycrystalline YAG

Vaddigiri, A.; Potter, Kenneth; Thomes, W. J.; Meister, D. C.

doi:10.1109/tns.2006.885951

Cited by 13 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 11 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Ionizing-Radiation Studies: Prior work reported the ionizing radiation response of singlecrystal and polycrystalline YAG materials following exposure of the materials to 2 MeV photons from Sandia National Laboratories' HERMES III facility. [12][13][14] It was seen that all of the polycrystalline laser rods exhibited severe radiation-induced photodarkening at the pump wavelength of 1.06 microns, with much poorer recovery than was observed in the single-crystal samples. Figure 4 shows the transient radiation-induced optical loss in both undoped and Nd-doped single-crystal and polycrystalline YAG.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of ionizing radiation on the optical properties of YAG laser materials

Simmons-Potter

Vaddigiri

Thomes³

et al. 2007

SPIE Proceedings

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Exposure of optical materials to transient-ionizing-radiation fields can give rise to transient and/or permanent photodarkening effects. In laser materials, such as YAG, such induced optical loss can result in significant degradation of the lasing characteristic of the material, making its selection for optical device applications in radiation environments unfeasible. In the present work, the ionizing-radiation response of Nd:YAG laser rods of varying composition and microstructure are examined. The optical properties of the materials are examined using a variety of optical spectroscopies and observations are correlated with the results of the ionizing-radiation studies. It is found that radiation damage in these materials is strongly influenced by the material microstructure.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of ionizing radiation on the optical properties of YAG laser materials

Simmons-Potter

Vaddigiri

Thomes³

et al. 2007

SPIE Proceedings

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…One relevant study, conducted under pulsed irradiation (1.3×10 12 Gy/s, total dose of 40 kGy), demonstrated that transmission loss at 1.06 µm is initially large in single crystal Nd:YAG, but undergoes a rapid recovery after irradiation. In contrast, undoped-polycrystalline YAG permanently and completely photodarkens (Vaddigiri et al 2006). However, no studies were located that examined steady-state radiation damage on undoped YAG optical components.…”

Section: Yagmentioning

confidence: 99%

Technical Readiness and Gaps Analysis of Commercial Optical Materials and Measurement Systems for Advanced Small Modular Reactors

Anheier¹,

Suter²,

Qiao³

et al. 2013

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Energy Research and Development Roadmap and industry stakeholders by evaluating optically based instrumentation and control (I&C) concepts for advanced small modular reactor (AdvSMR) applications. These advanced designs will require innovative thinking in terms of engineering approaches, materials integration, and I&C concepts to realize their eventual viability and deployment. The primary goals of this report include:1. Establish preliminary I&C needs, performance requirements, and possible gaps for AdvSMR designs based on best-available published design data.2. Document commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) optical sensors, components, and materials in terms of their technical readiness to support essential AdvSMR in-vessel I&C systems.3. Identify technology gaps by comparing the in-vessel monitoring requirements and environmental constraints to COTS optical sensor and materials performance specifications.4. Outline a future research, development, and demonstration (RD&D) program plan that addresses these gaps and develops optical-based I&C systems that enhance the viability of future AdvSMR designs.The DOE-NE roadmap outlines RD&D activities intended to overcome technical barriers that currently limit advances in nuclear energy. As part of this strategy, DOE-NE is sponsoring research on advanced reactor supportive technologies to reduce the identified barriers. Key challenges that must be overcome include the high capital costs to develop nuclear power plants, maintaining safety performance as the reactor fleet expands, minimizing nuclear waste, and maintaining strong proliferation resistance. AdvSMR designs are a major component of this strategy, because these designs offer a number of unique advantages. The modular and small size of AdvSMR designs naturally lead to reduced capital investments and, potentially, construction savings through factory fabrication. However, new economic and technical challenges accompany the many attractive features offered by AdvSMR designs. Specifically, the modest power output of AdvSMRs does not provide the economy of scale afforded by large reactors. In addition, many of the AdvSMR designs operate at much higher temperatures than lightwater reactors and require instrumentation to withstand harsh, in-vessel environments arising from unconventional, chemically aggressive coolants and unique reactor system configurations.Addressing these I&C challenges will be critically important to the AdvSMR development program to ensure the viability and future success of advanced reactor designs. Solutions will likely be found through evolution of conventional reactor technology, and the development of entirely new concepts. Early pressure/boiling water reactors used conventional I&C technologies (e.g., thermocouples, ionchambers, strain-gauge pressure sensors) to satisfy design requirements. Because these technologies worked well in the relatively low-temperature reactor designs, the demand for alternate I&C technologies was limited. At the time, optical-based reactor monitoring concepts were g...

show abstract

“…5,6 These high power applications place stringent demands on the ceramic fabrication process to keep the host absorption levels to a minimum and prevent heating and photo-induced damage by solarization or photodarkening. 7,8 Numerous studies have been devoted to the characterization of optical absorption bands in YAG single crystals and ceramics, which revealed their interdependence with the phonon spectrum of the host lattice [9][10][11] and various point defects such as cation impurities (e.g., Fe (Refs. 12 and 23) and Mn (Refs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Si-induced defects on 1 µm absorption losses in laser-grade YAG ceramics

Gaumé¹,

He²,

Markosyan³

et al. 2012

Journal of Applied Physics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

High sensitivity optical absorption at 1 lm was measured in 40 undoped and Nd-doped Y 3 Al 5 O 12 (YAG) transparent ceramics and single crystals using photothermal common-path interferometry. Concurrently, chemical trace analysis was performed on those samples by glow discharge mass-spectroscopy. Silicon and calcium were found to be the major impurities with concentrations up to 250 wt. ppm. A univocal linear correlation between the Si content and the absorption loss at 1 lm is revealed and a possible mechanism for the formation of Si-induced color centers based on a bound polaron model is discussed. Solutions to reduce this optical absorption in ceramics are also proposed. V

show abstract

Ionizing Radiation Effects in Single-Crystal and Polycrystalline YAG

Cited by 13 publications

References 11 publications

Impact of ionizing radiation on the optical properties of YAG laser materials

Impact of ionizing radiation on the optical properties of YAG laser materials

Technical Readiness and Gaps Analysis of Commercial Optical Materials and Measurement Systems for Advanced Small Modular Reactors

Effect of Si-induced defects on 1 µm absorption losses in laser-grade YAG ceramics

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About