Ionospheric response to the June 2015 geomagnetic storm in the South American region

Macho, Eduardo Perez; Correia, E.; Paulo, C. M.; Angulo, Lady; Vieira, José Augusto Gomes

doi:10.1016/j.asr.2020.02.025

Cited by 13 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Mansilla and Zossi [12] reported small negative ionospheric responses at equator sector during main phase, which is in good agreement with the results in this paper and concluded that VTEC depletion was caused by PPEF. Moreover, Macho et al [24] reported daytime VTEC enhancements at low latitudes in the beginning of main phase storm, which occurred during local afternoon, and this enhancement were attributed to the effect of PPEF.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ionospheric–Thermospheric Responses in South America to the August 2018 Geomagnetic Storm Based on Multiple Observations

Shah

Abbas

Ehsan

et al. 2022

IEEE J. Sel. Top. Appl. Earth Observations Remote Sensing

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The ionospheric storm time responses during August 2018 are investigated over South American region using multiple observables, for example, Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) derived Vertical Total Electron Content (VTEC) from International GNSS Service (IGS), magnetic field data, geomagnetic indices, Global Ionospheric Maps (GIMs), Thermospheric Mass Density (TMD), and [O/N2] ratio measurement. Strong ionospheric and upper-atmospheric disturbances affected the ionospheric variables with long duration, during the storm recovery phase and following after. First, daytime VTEC (9:00-20:00 UT) presented variations of > 15 TECU during days 25 to 30 of August 2018 in low and middle latitudes of South America, this after sudden storm commencement (SSC). Furthermore, nighttime (21:00-24:00 and 00:00-05:00 UT) VTEC presented low values (58 TECU) in the recovery phase. Second, the ionospheric values during the storm main phase and following after, at low-and mid-latitudes, caused the Equatorial Ionization Anomaly (EIA) to expand due to Prompt Penetration Electric Field (PPEF). Furthermore, VTEC enhancements are likely to occur few hours after the SSC of 25 August 2018, while enhancements of Thermospheric Mass Density (TMD) and [O/N2] ratio started to appear later on 26 and 27 of August 2018.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They showed the phenomena due to PPEF. Macho et al [24] demonstrated the uplifted EIA crest to mid-latitude regions by dominant daytime PPEF process, triggering increase VTEC during main phase of the storm followed by recovery phase.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ionospheric–Thermospheric Responses in South America to the August 2018 Geomagnetic Storm Based on Multiple Observations

Shah

Abbas

Ehsan

et al. 2022

IEEE J. Sel. Top. Appl. Earth Observations Remote Sensing

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“…Another investigation of the ionospheric effect of the same event in June 2015 for the South American region is based on a comparison between different measurements. Based on the large number of different types of data used, the authors illustrate and explain the observed expansion of the crest of EIA (Equatorial Ionization Anomaly) at mid-latitudes and high latitudes mainly due to PPEF during the main phase and the recovery phase of the geomagnetic storm during the day [40].…”

Section: Geomagnetic Storm 14-16 December 2006mentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal Features of the Ionospheric Total Electron Content Response at Low Latitudes during Three Selected Geomagnetic Storms

Bojilova,

Mukhtarov

2024

Atmosphere

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In the present paper, the response of the ionospheric Total Electron Content (TEC) at low latitudes during several geomagnetic storms occurring in different seasons of the year is investigated. In the analysis of the ionospheric response, the following three geomagnetic events were selected: (i) 23–24 April 2023; (ii) 22–24 June 2015 and (iii) 16 December 2006. Global TEC data were used, with geographic coordinates recalculated with Rawer’s modified dip (modip) latitude, which improved the accuracy of the representation of the ionospheric response at low and mid-latitudes. By decomposition of the zonal distribution of the relative deviation of the TEC values from the hourly medians, the spatial distribution of the anomalies, the dependence of the response on the local time and their evolution during the selected events were analyzed. As a result of the study, it was found that the positive response (i.e., an increase in electron density relative to quiet conditions) in low latitudes occurs at the modip latitudes 30° N and 30° S. An innovative result related to the observed responses during the considered events is that they turn out to be relatively stationary. The longitude variation in the observed maxima changes insignificantly during the storms. Depending on the season, there is an asymmetry between the two hemispheres, which can be explained by the differences in the meridional neutral circulation in different seasons.

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“…The induced electric fields are mapped along magnetic field lines to the high latitude ionosphere, but they can also penetrate the auroral latitudes and impact the low and mid-latitude ionosphere, in the form of prompt penetration electric fields (PPEFs). The PPEFs were first identified during substorms (Nishida 1968), but their effect has been observed as dominant during the first hours of the main phase of geomagnetic storms (Astafyeva et al 2015(Astafyeva et al , 2016Correia et al 2017;Huang et al 2005;Macho et al 2020;Mannucci et al 2008;Sahai et al 2004;Shreedevi et al 2016Shreedevi et al , 2017Spiro et al 1988;Tsurutani et al 2004Tsurutani et al , 2008). The PPEFs generated during strong geomagnetic storms can lift the dayside equatorial plasma to higher altitudes than the normal Equatorial Ionospheric Anomaly (EIA), resulting in the crests being pushed to mid-latitudes (Tsurutani et al, 2008).…”

Section: Ionospheric Weathermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At these latitudes, Cherniak and Zakharenkova (2017) reported large plasma density fluctuations over both hemispheres. The impact of this storm was also investigated in the South American sector, from low to high latitudes, by Macho et al (2020). The work based on GNSS and ionosonde data, evidenced the expansion of the crest of EIA to higher latitudes, due to PPEF process in the daytime sector during the beginning of the main phase storm.…”

Section: The Prompt Penetration Electric Fields (Ppefs) and Disturban...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of Environmental Monitoring by Means of Radio Waves in the Polar Regions: From Atmosphere to Geospace

et al. 2022

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The Antarctic and Arctic regions are Earth's open windows to outer space. They provide unique opportunities for investigating the troposphere–thermosphere–ionosphere–plasmasphere system at high latitudes, which is not as well understood as the mid- and low-latitude regions mainly due to the paucity of experimental observations. In addition, different neutral and ionised atmospheric layers at high latitudes are much more variable compared to lower latitudes, and their variability is due to mechanisms not yet fully understood. Fortunately, in this new millennium the observing infrastructure in Antarctica and the Arctic has been growing, thus providing scientists with new opportunities to advance our knowledge on the polar atmosphere and geospace. This review shows that it is of paramount importance to perform integrated, multi-disciplinary research, making use of long-term multi-instrument observations combined with ad hoc measurement campaigns to improve our capability of investigating atmospheric dynamics in the polar regions from the troposphere up to the plasmasphere, as well as the coupling between atmospheric layers. Starting from the state of the art of understanding the polar atmosphere, our survey outlines the roadmap for enhancing scientific investigation of its physical mechanisms and dynamics through the full exploitation of the available infrastructures for radio-based environmental monitoring.

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Ionospheric response to the June 2015 geomagnetic storm in the South American region

Cited by 13 publications

References 24 publications

Ionospheric–Thermospheric Responses in South America to the August 2018 Geomagnetic Storm Based on Multiple Observations

Ionospheric–Thermospheric Responses in South America to the August 2018 Geomagnetic Storm Based on Multiple Observations

Seasonal Features of the Ionospheric Total Electron Content Response at Low Latitudes during Three Selected Geomagnetic Storms

Review of Environmental Monitoring by Means of Radio Waves in the Polar Regions: From Atmosphere to Geospace

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