Ippesheim – Interdisziplinäre Untersuchungen in einer mittelneolithischen Siedlung mit Kreisgrabenanlage

Abstract

Der Forschungsstand zum mittelneolithischen Siedlungswesen ist äußerst lückenhaft. Für viele Regionen liegen kaum Daten vor, die Auskunft darüber geben könnten, wie die Siedlungen strukturiert waren oder wie die Wirtschaftsweise ihrer Bewohner zu rekonstruieren ist. Noch weniger Informationen existieren zu mittelneolithischen Siedlungen mit Kreisgrabenanlage. Am nordwestbayerischen Fundort Ippesheim konnten nun durch geomagnetische Prospektion, Grabungen, archäozoologi-sche sowie archäobotanische Analysen erste Ergebnisse zu den genannten Aspekten gewonnen werden.Abstract: L'état de la recherche sur l'habitat au Néolithi-que moyen est extrêmement lacunaire. Maintes régions n'ont guère livré de données sur l'organisation spatiale des habitats ou permettant de reconstituer le mode de subsistance de leurs habitants. On dispose encore moins d'informations sur les habitats néolithiques moyens avec système de fossés circulaires. Prospection géomagnéti-que, fouilles, analyses archéozoologiques et archéobota-niques ont livré de premiers résultats au site d'Ippesheim dans le Nord-Ouest de la Bavière. Abstract:The state of research on Middle Neolithic settlements is extremely patchy. For many regions there are little available data which could give information on how settlements were structured or how the economy of their inhabitants was organised. There is even less information on Middle Neolithic settlements with circular enclosures.At the Northwestern Bavarian site of Ippesheim, initial findings on the above-mentioned aspects have been obtained through geomagnetic surveys, excavations, as well as archaeozoological and archaeobotanical analyses.

Multiscale and Multitemporal Remote Sensing for Neolithic Settlement Detection and Protection—The Case of Gorjani, Croatia

“…That these circular enclosures are far from isolated monuments but part of an elaborate organizational pattern is also confirmed in lower Bavaria [30,Abb. 6], where rondels with large surrounding ellipsoidal enclosures were documented [30].…”

“…Probably the most famous and paradigmatic landscape is the one to the north of our area of interest, i.e., the network of enclosures, monuments and settlements surrounding Stonehenge in the United Kingdom [29]. That these circular enclosures are far from isolated monuments but part of an elaborate organizational pattern is also confirmed in lower Bavaria [30,Abb. 6], where rondels with large surrounding ellipsoidal enclosures were documented [30].…”

“…The spatial relationship of this rondel to other ditches and archaeological features is the focus of our future research. Rondels surrounded by a simple ditch (usually ellipsoidal) are documented in other regions as well, for example, in Germany at Ippesheim, Künzing Unternberg and similar sites [30], or at Bylany in the Czech Republic [11]. Such rondels or circular enclosures with surrounding ditches were discovered in Croatia and also on the sites of Gat Svetošnice, Privlaka Gradina, Klisa Groblje and Brdo, and Markušica Brošov Salaš, with emphasis that Markušica Brošov Salaš is a typical rondel (Figure 10).…”

Same old in Middle Neolithic diets? A stable isotope study of bone collagen from the burial community of Jechtingen, southwest Germany

“…The state of bioarchaeological research is much better for the LBK and the later phases of the Neolithic than for the Middle Neolithic because more sites have been excavated, and the establishment of the food producing economy or excellent preservation of organic remains in lakeshore settlements attracted considerable research attention (Becker et al, 2012;Ebersbach et al, 2012). During the LBK, einkorn (Triticum monoccocum) and emmer (Triticum dicoccum) dominated the crop spectra widely, while barley (Hordeum vulgare) and naked wheat occurred sporadically.…”

“…At the current state of research with a limited number of samples from the Middle Neolithic, indications for sharp breaks at the beginning of the Middle or Late Neolithic are lacking. With appreciation of regional differences among contemporaneous sites (Kuhn, 2008;Lüning, 2000), the faunal spectra also imply a general continuity of Early Neolithic subsistence strategies into the Middle Neolithic with low percentages of wild faunal remains and a dominance of cattle among the domesticates (Ebersbach et al, 2012;Becker et al, 2012).…”