Iran-Hezbollah Alliance Reconsidered: What Contributes to the Survival of State-Proxy Alliance?

Khan, Akbar; Han, Zhaoying

doi:10.1177/2347797020906654

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 68 publications

(72 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Some proxy alliances, particularly ideological ones, last beyond wars and violent conflicts and extend to a strong, long-term governance alliance. If the proxy comes out as a winner in the war, the patron state invests in an alliance that constitutes governing know-how (Khan and Zhaoying, 2020). As such, the proxy actor maintains a strong representation in the apparatuses of the government and operates in its own interest and in that of the sponsor state simultaneously (Moghadam and Wyss, 2020).…”

Section: Hezbollah As An Iranian Proxy In Lebanonmentioning

confidence: 99%

The MENA Region and COVID-19

Hobaika¹,

Möller²,

Völkel³

2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Focusing on the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region, which comprises some of the world's richest countries next to some of the poorest, this book offers excellent insights into the discriminatory consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic.With a geographic focus on the MENA region, the multidisciplinary case studies collected in this edited volume reveal that the coronavirus's impact patterns are a question of two variables: governance performance and socioeconomic potency. Given the global, unprecedented, complex and systemic nature of COVID-19 -and its long-term implications for societies, governments, international organisations, citizens and corporations -this volume entails a relevance to regions undergoing similar dynamics. Analyses in the book, therefore, have implications for the comparative study of the pandemic and its impact on societies around the globe. Understanding related dynamics and implications, and making use of lessons learned, are a pathway to deal with future similar crises.Questions covered in the volume are relevant to geopolitics, social challenges and the relations between political leaders and citizens as beings embedded in various strategies of communication. The volume will appeal to scholars of international politics, political science, risk or crisis governance, economics and sociology, human rights and security, political communication and public health.Zeina Hobaika is a biochemist, holder of a PhD in Structure, Function and Proteins Engineering from Denis Diderot University and an Executive Diploma in Management and Conduct of Strategic Projects from Sciences Po in Paris. Today, she is an associate professor and serves as the head of department of Life and Earth Sciences-Biochemistry, at the Faculty of Sciences at Saint Joseph University of Beirut. She is also head of the Macromolecules Structure and Interactions Research Team. Her main research interests cover rational drug design to contribute to fighting diseases such as AIDS, cancer and Alzheimer's. Another major project she is working on consists of the management and valorisation of agro-industrial byproducts and waste, for a sustainable future. She has been selected for various national and international prizes and awards. In 2017, she became a member of the prestigious Arab-German Young Academy of Sciences and Humanities (AGYA). Last, with a large publication record and one patent, Zeina is involved in a variety of projects with the public and private sector.

show abstract

Section: Hezbollah As An Iranian Proxy In Lebanonmentioning

confidence: 99%

The MENA Region and COVID-19

Hobaika¹,

Möller²,

Völkel³

2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Iran sponsored several non-state actors against Iraq, including Islamist and others. During the 1960s, 1970s, and 1980s Islamists had become very strong (Byman, 2005: 54; Khan and Zhaoying, 2020b), making the Baathist regime increasingly worried. Hussein took severe measures against them and killed approximately 10,000 Islamists (Wiley, 1992: 38–63).…”

Section: Sponsorship Of Non-state Actors In the Gulfmentioning

confidence: 99%

Steps-to-War Theory and Interstate Wars in the Middle East: Is State-Sponsored Terrorism Another Escalating Step?

Khan

2020

Journal of Asian and African Studies

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

I employ Steps-to-War theory to analyze interstate wars in the Middle East by adding an additional escalating step: state sponsorship of non-state actors. Remarkably, however, the present scholarship completely overlooks a comprehensive assessment of the impacts and roles of state-sponsored terrorism on escalation of interstate militarized conflicts. None of the conflict studies focuses on state-sponsored terrorism and escalation of interstate conflict. This gap still exists despite a remarkable growth in the conflict literature. This article argues that the Steps-to-War thesis is a useful framework for understanding why states end up fighting wars by answering the questions: How does state-sponsored terrorism escalate interstate conflict? And how does each step intertwine with other steps and make war more likely? This paper’s primary argument is that state-sponsored terrorism increases the likelihood of war by providing another escalating step in conjunction with other steps and, therefore, aligns with Steps-to-War theory, and is one of the leading escalating factors. Ultimately, this article argues that this claim has a solid basis, and the Middle Eastern cases vividly demonstrate the escalatory ability of state-sponsored terrorism because state-sponsored terrorism interacts with and reinforces other escalating factors.

show abstract

Securitization and State Sponsorship of Non-State Actors: Analyzing the Saudi-Iranian Rivalry

Khan,

Kakar

2023

Fudan J. Hum. Soc. Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Iran-Hezbollah Alliance Reconsidered: What Contributes to the Survival of State-Proxy Alliance?

Cited by 4 publications

References 68 publications

The MENA Region and COVID-19

The MENA Region and COVID-19

Steps-to-War Theory and Interstate Wars in the Middle East: Is State-Sponsored Terrorism Another Escalating Step?

Securitization and State Sponsorship of Non-State Actors: Analyzing the Saudi-Iranian Rivalry

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About