Irisin as a muscle-derived hormone stimulating thermogenesis – A critical update

Hofmann, Tobias; Elbelt, Ulf; Stengel, Andreas

doi:10.1016/j.peptides.2014.01.016

Cited by 143 publications

(91 citation statements)

References 75 publications

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“…Hofmann et al (60) recently reported in a review that of 10 human studies assessing the role of exercise in inducing muscle FNDC5 mRNA expression or increasing circulating irisin, only half reported a positive effect of exercise on FNDC5/irisin induction. Of an additional three studies, only one reported an increase in serum irisin following exercise (27,61,62).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

SMAD3 Negatively Regulates Serum Irisin and Skeletal Muscle FNDC5 and Peroxisome Proliferator-activated Receptor γ Coactivator 1-α (PGC-1α) during Exercise

Tiano

Springer

Rane

2015

Journal of Biological Chemistry

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Background: Mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 3 (SMAD3) and FNDC5/irisin are molecules that modulate energy metabolism and body weight regulation. Results: SMAD3 negatively regulates irisin during exercise and suppresses FNDC5 and PGC-1␣ in cultured skeletal muscle cells. Conclusion: SMAD3 suppresses irisin/FNDC5 in skeletal muscle. Significance: This study sheds light on the poorly understood regulation of irisin/FNDC5 in skeletal muscle.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

SMAD3 Negatively Regulates Serum Irisin and Skeletal Muscle FNDC5 and Peroxisome Proliferator-activated Receptor γ Coactivator 1-α (PGC-1α) during Exercise

Tiano

Springer

Rane

2015

Journal of Biological Chemistry

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“…Recently, a muscle-secreted peptide named irisin was identified and suggested to play an important role in improving obesity and glucose homeostasis [14]. Irisin has attracted considerable attention because it has been claimed to have therapeutic potential for obesity and diabetes and to improve life expectancy [15].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alteration of maternal serum irisin levels in gestational diabetes mellitus

Ural

Şahin²,

Tekın³

et al. 2016

Ginekol Pol

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Objectives: The aim of our study was to compare serum irisin concentrations in pregnant women with and without gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Material and methods:This study was performed at the Tertiary Care Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, between January 2014 and April 2014. A total of 45 pregnant women with GDM (diabetes group) and 41 BMI-and age-matched healthy pregnant women (control group) were recruited. Maternal serum irisin levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit at 24-28 weeks of gestation. An association between maternal serum irisin levels and metabolic parameters was analyzed. Body mass index, serum levels of glucose, insulin and irisin were tested and analyzed in the study group and controls.Results: Pregnant women with GDM had significantly higher fasting plasma glucose (p = 0.001), first-hour OGTT glucose (p = 0.001), second-hour OGTT glucose (p = 0.001), and fasting insulin (p = 0.045) levels as compared to controls. Serum irisin levels were 1.04 ± 0.3 and 1.3 ± 0.2 in pregnant women with GDM and healthy pregnant controls, respectively (p = 0.001). Correlation analysis between irisin levels and anthropometric and biochemical parameters in patients with gestational diabetes revealed that none of the investigated parameters correlated with serum irisin level. Conclusions:Our results suggest that serum irisin levels might be introduced as a novel marker for GDM, with decreased levels of irisin being indicative of GDM.

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“…Myostatin and leptin have been shown to negatively regulate irisin-induced fat browning (260,291), confirming the presence of negative feedback mechanisms to prevent excessive energy dissipation by fat browning. Considerable controversy exists on the role of irisin in human metabolism, with several studies showing exercise and high-intensity training protocols being particularly effective in raising circulating irisin in humans (25,139,143,225), whereas others were not able to find any association (122,132,173,316). Moreover, recent reports even argued against the existence of circulating irisin, since the human FNDC5 gene starts with a noncanonical ATA codon that might represent a null mutation preventing irisin transcription (3,66).…”

Section: Ontogeny and Function Of White Brown And Beige Adipose Tissuementioning

confidence: 99%

Revisiting the adipocyte: a model for integration of cytokine signaling in the regulation of energy metabolism

Rodrı́guez

Ezquerro

Méndez‐Giménez

et al. 2015

American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism

242

186

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Adipose tissue constitutes an extremely active endocrine organ with a network of signaling pathways enabling the organism to adapt to a wide range of different metabolic challenges, such as starvation, stress, infection, and short periods of gross energy excess. The functional pleiotropism of adipose tissue relies on its ability to synthesize and release a huge variety of hormones, cytokines, complement and growth factors, extracellular matrix proteins, and vasoactive factors, collectively termed adipokines. Obesity is associated with adipose tissue dysfunction leading to the onset of several pathologies including type 2 diabetes, dyslipidemia, nonalcoholic fatty liver, or hypertension, among others. The mechanisms underlying the development of obesity and its associated comorbidities include the hypertrophy and/or hyperplasia of adipocytes, adipose tissue inflammation, impaired extracellular matrix remodeling, and fibrosis together with an altered secretion of adipokines. Recently, the potential role of brown and beige adipose tissue in the protection against obesity has been also recognized. In contrast to white adipocytes, which store energy in the form of fat, brown and beige fat cells display energy-dissipating capacity through the promotion of triacylglycerol clearance, glucose disposal, and generation of heat for thermogenesis. Identification of the morphological and molecular changes in white, beige, and brown adipose tissue during weight gain is of utmost relevance for the identification of pharmacological targets for the treatment of obesity and its associated metabolic diseases. white and brown adipogenesis; fat browning; adipocyte hypertrophy and hyperplasia; adipose tissue inflammation; extracellular matrix remodeling THE ADIPOSE ORGAN REPRESENTS a special loose connective tissue containing adipocytes and several cell types surrounded by capillary and innervation networks (47, 79, 82). Adipocytes comprise ϳ35-70% of adipose mass, and the other cell types found in the stroma-vascular fraction include preadipocytes, mesenchymal stem cells, macrophages and other immune cells, and endothelial and smooth muscle cells, among others (79). The classical functions of adipose tissue are the storage of energy in the form of triacylglycerols (TG) and as thermal insulator. Adipocytes were formerly classified into two main types: white adipocytes, which store energy in the form of fat, and brown adipocytes, which induce thermogenesis (82). The current classification scheme includes a third category of adipocytes, termed beige or brite (brown-in-white) adipocytes, which can be considered inducible brown-like cells with thermogenic properties (340). Since the identification of leptin in 1994 (359), adipose tissue has emerged as an extremely active endocrine organ that secretes a huge variety of hormones, cytokines, growth factors, and vasoactive factors that are collectively termed adipokines (67, 81,235,262). Over the last three decades, overwhelming evidence has proven that adipokines not only influence adipobiol...

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Irisin as a muscle-derived hormone stimulating thermogenesis – A critical update

Cited by 143 publications

References 75 publications

SMAD3 Negatively Regulates Serum Irisin and Skeletal Muscle FNDC5 and Peroxisome Proliferator-activated Receptor γ Coactivator 1-α (PGC-1α) during Exercise

SMAD3 Negatively Regulates Serum Irisin and Skeletal Muscle FNDC5 and Peroxisome Proliferator-activated Receptor γ Coactivator 1-α (PGC-1α) during Exercise

Alteration of maternal serum irisin levels in gestational diabetes mellitus

Revisiting the adipocyte: a model for integration of cytokine signaling in the regulation of energy metabolism

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