Irisin Does Not Mediate Resistance Training–Induced Alterations in Resting Metabolic Rate

Scharhag-Rosenberger, Friederike; Meyer, Tim; Wegmann, Melissa; Ruppenthal, Sandra; Kaestner, Lars; Morsch, Arne; Hecksteden, Anne

doi:10.1249/mss.0000000000000286

Cited by 54 publications

(77 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Although in vitro and in vivo thermogenic effects of irisin have been observed in animal studies [54,76,109,110], the physiological significance in humans remains uncertain. In particular, irisin's potential role in human energy metabolism remains controversial since inconsistent results have been published regarding the exercise-dependent regulation of circulating irisin and its association with energy expenditure [111][112][113][114][115][116][117].…”

Section: Secreted Proteins and Browningmentioning

confidence: 99%

Brown adipose tissue and thermogenesis

Fenzl

Kiefer

2014

Hormone Molecular Biology and Clinical Investigation

167

128

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The growing understanding of adipose tissue as an important endocrine organ with multiple metabolic functions has directed the attention to the (patho)physiology of distinct fat depots. Brown adipose tissue (BAT), in contrast to bona fide white fat, can dissipate significant amounts of chemical energy through uncoupled respiration and heat production (thermogenesis). This process is mediated by the major thermogenic factor uncoupling protein-1 and can be activated by certain stimuli, such as cold exposure, adrenergic compounds or genetic alterations. White adipose tissue (WAT) depots, however, also possess the capacity to acquire brown fat characteristics in response to thermogenic stimuli. The induction of a BAT-like cellular and molecular program in WAT has recently been termed "browning" or "beiging". Promotion of BAT activity or the browning of WAT is associated with in vivo cold tolerance, increased energy expenditure, and protection against obesity and type 2 diabetes. These preclinical observations have gained additional significance with the recent discovery that active BAT is present in adult humans and can be detected by 18fluor-deoxy-glucose positron emission tomography coupled with computed tomography. As in rodents, human BAT can be activated by cold exposure and is associated with increased energy turnover and lower body fat mass. Despite the tremendous progress in brown fat research in recent years, pharmacological concepts to harness BAT function therapeutically are currently still lacking.

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Section: Secreted Proteins and Browningmentioning

confidence: 99%

Brown adipose tissue and thermogenesis

Fenzl

Kiefer

2014

Hormone Molecular Biology and Clinical Investigation

167

128

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“…The increase in irisin augments oxygen consumption, improves glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity, and facilitates weight loss compared with those in an untreated group [1]. Controversies exist among recent publications regarding the importance of irisin and/or fibronectin type III domain containing 5 (FNDC5) in humans [3][4][5][6][7][8][9], and it is necessary to further examine the roles of irisin in metabolic regulation, body composition, and anti-obesity effect.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In contrast, Pekkala et al [4] reported that irisin concentrations did not change following acute endurance exercise in middle-aged men. The irisin response to resistance training has also been studied [6,7], however, information about the effect of a single bout of resistance exercise on the irisin response is rather limited. Pekkala et al [4] showed that resistance exercise increased FNDC5 mRNA expression approximately 1.4-fold in muscle compared with the baseline value,…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resistance exercise induces a greater irisin response than endurance exercise

Tsuchiya¹,

Ando²,

Takamatsu³

et al. 2015

Metabolism

167

114

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“…Five RCTs 44, 49– 52 , and all the included CTs and CSS, as well as 22 of the 23 SGS, displayed a high risk of bias due to inadequate generation of a randomised sequence, while four RCTs 23, 33, 42, 53 showed low risk of bias, and three RCTs 41, 54, 55 , as well as one SGS 56 , showed unclear risk of bias because there was no description of the method used for allocation (even though the participants were said to be “randomly” assigned). Six RCTs 23, 42, 49, 50, 52, 53 displayed low risk of bias for “allocation concealment”, while two 44, 54 showed unclear risk of bias because of the lack of description of the randomization allocation. Also, four RCTs 33, 41, 51, 55 , and all the included CTs and SGS, as well as CSS, showed high risk of bias due to the lack of concealment of allocations before assignment.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of physical activity on the link between PGC-1a and FNDC5 in muscle, circulating Ιrisin and UCP1 of white adipocytes in humans: A systematic review

et al. 2017

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Background: Exercise may activate a brown adipose-like phenotype in white adipose tissue. The aim of this systematic review was to identify the effects of physical activity on the link between peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC-1a) and fibronectin type III domain-containing protein 5 (FNDC5) in muscle, circulating Irisin and uncoupling protein one (UCP1) of white adipocytes in humans. Methods: Two databases (PubMed 1966 to 08/2016 and EMBASE 1974 to 08/2016) were searched using an appropriate algorithm. We included articles that examined physical activity and/or exercise in humans that met the following criteria: a) PGC-1a in conjunction with FNDC5 measurements, and b) FNDC5 and/or circulating Irisin and/or UCP1 levels in white adipocytes. Results: We included 51 studies (12 randomised controlled trials) with 2474 participants. Out of the 51 studies, 16 examined PGC-1a and FNDC5 in response to exercise, and only four found increases in both PGC-1a and FNDC5 mRNA and one showed increased FNDC5 mRNA. In total, 22 out of 45 studies that examined circulating Irisin in response to exercise showed increased concentrations when ELISA techniques were used; two studies also revealed increased Irisin levels measured via mass spectrometry. Three studies showed a positive association of circulating Irisin with physical activity levels. One study found no exercise effects on UCP1 mRNA in white adipocytes. Conclusions: The effects of physical activity on the link between PGC-1a, FNDC5 mRNA in muscle and UCP1 in white human adipocytes has attracted little scientific attention. Current methods for Irisin identification lack precision and, therefore, the existing evidence does not allow for conclusions to be made regarding Irisin responses to physical activity. We found a contrast between standardised review methods and accuracy of the measurements used. This should be considered in future systematic reviews.

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Irisin Does Not Mediate Resistance Training–Induced Alterations in Resting Metabolic Rate

Cited by 54 publications

References 34 publications

Brown adipose tissue and thermogenesis

Brown adipose tissue and thermogenesis

Resistance exercise induces a greater irisin response than endurance exercise

Effects of physical activity on the link between PGC-1a and FNDC5 in muscle, circulating Ιrisin and UCP1 of white adipocytes in humans: A systematic review

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