Iron and manganese migration in “soil–plant” system in Scots pine stands in conditions of contamination by the steel plant’s emissions

Abstract

In this paper, Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) roots grown in soils with and without contamination from emission of a plant steel were analyzed for Fe and Mn, as well as the shoots and needles with and lacking pollution. The aim was to assess the content of Fe and Mn in soils under given conditions, and the interaction between pine plant and soil in terms of metal accumulation in the fine roots, annual shoots, and annual needles. The iron content in the soil of polluted areas does not contrast with its control amount. Conversely, the iron content in fine pine roots under contamination conditions is 2.1–4.4 times higher than the control values. There were no significant excesses of the manganese content in the soil in polluted conditions compared to the control, but its content in the 0–20 cm soil layer is 27–32 times higher than the background concentrations. The iron contentment in belowground (fine roots) and aboveground (annual shoots and needles) parts of pine trees in a context of contamination is higher than the control values (2.1–4.4 and 1.50–1.54 times, respectively). The manganese content in fine pine roots under contamination conditions is 2.8–10.7 times less than in control, while its content in shoots and needles is higher (2.23–2.76 times) in comparison with the control. Based on the values of the biological accumulation and migration coefficients, what in each case slighter than one, for Scots pine the iron represent not an element that actively accumulates. Nevertheless, for manganese, this stock model is valid only for fine roots, whereas under the contaminated environment, the metal mobility steepen, and the migration pattern shifts towards increased manganese accumulation in the aboveground part of pine trees.

Characterization of Manganese Oxide Modified Activated Carbon for Remediation of Redox-Sensitive Contaminants

“…Rather, several studies have reported reductive transformations of birnessite (Mn­(IV) oxide) to Mn­(III)­OOH, or mixed-valent Mn­(II,III) 3 O 4 , while in the presence of aqueous Mn­(II), which lowers the overall redox buffering capacity. ,, Additionally, Mn­(II) can passivate reactive surface sites, block sorption sites on AC, or occupy vacancy sites on Mn oxide that can decrease total sorption capacity. ,, Reactions between Mn­(III) or (IV) oxides and electron donors such as sulfide minerals or organic matter can cause reductive dissolution and generate high concentrations of aqueous Mn­(II) . There is increasing concern about Mn contamination of drinking water, which can lead to neurotoxic health effects. , Precipitation of Mn­(II) compounds such as rhodochrosite (MnCO 3 ), or oxidation to Mn­(III) or Mn­(III,IV) solids, may limit the concentration of Mn­(II) in solution, but these processes can be kinetically slow and are strongly pH dependent. , Oxidation of Mn­(II) can be catalyzed both abiotically through complexation with organic compounds or by Mn­(IV) oxide mineral surfaces and biotically through various enzymatically driven bacterial or fungal pathways. , Calcareous systems such as EFPC can promote the stability of Mn­(II) solids, and the presence of additional electron acceptors (e.g., nitrate) can potentially reoxidize Mn­(II) to provide additional redox buffering …”

“…13 There is increasing concern about Mn contamination of drinking water, which can lead to neurotoxic health effects. 93,94 Precipitation of Mn(II) compounds such as rhodochrosite (MnCO 3 ), or oxidation to Mn(III) or Mn(III,IV) solids, may limit the concentration of Mn(II) in solution, but these processes can be kinetically slow and are strongly pH dependent. 95,96 Oxidation of Mn(II) can be catalyzed both abiotically through complexation with organic compounds or by Mn(IV) oxide mineral surfaces and biotically through various enzymatically driven bacterial or fungal pathways.…”

Chemistry of medicinal plants as an integral part of ecological education

“…They mostly remain in the environment. Therefore, it is not surprising that these metals are among the primary contaminants of soil and water in Ukraine [25][26][27][28].…”

“…Many works were devoted to the study of plants collected in different geographical locations. Such results allow us to study the cumulative effect of local diversity of plant species within one botanical genus [23,24] and also the impact on the environment [25,26]. For example, pollution by heavy metals of small Ukrainian rivers was studied in [27,28] from the viewpoint of polluted waters influence on the local plant growth.…”

Peculiarities of the Edaphic Cyanobacterium Nostoc linckia Culture Response and Heavy Metal Accumulation from Copper-Containing Multimetal Systems

“…Iron is essential for the production of hemoglobin, myoglobin, and several essential enzymes and is involved in DNA synthesis. Chronic inhalation of excessive concentrations of iron oxide dust may result in the development of benign pneumoconiosis [ 7 ].…”