Iron and zinc exploitation during bacterial pathogenesis

Ma, Li; Terwilliger, Austen; Maresso, Anthony W.

doi:10.1039/c5mt00170f

Cited by 72 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 216 publications

(303 reference statements)

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“…For instance, Proteobacterial-specific variable gene families were enriched (Fisher’s test enrichment q =0.13) for the biosynthesis of siderophore group nonribosomal peptides, which may reflect the importance of iron scavenging for the establishment of both pathogens (e.g., Yersinia ) and commensals (e.g., Escherichia coli ) [66]. Another phylum-specific variable function appeared to be the type IV secretion system (T4SS) within Firmicutes ( q =0.021).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proteobacteria explain significant functional variability in the human gut microbiome

2017

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BackgroundWhile human gut microbiomes vary significantly in taxonomic composition, biological pathway abundance is surprisingly invariable across hosts. We hypothesized that healthy microbiomes appear functionally redundant due to factors that obscure differences in gene abundance between individuals.ResultsTo account for these biases, we developed a powerful test of gene variability called CCoDA, which is applicable to shotgun metagenomes from any environment and can integrate data from multiple studies. Our analysis of healthy human fecal metagenomes from three separate cohorts revealed thousands of genes whose abundance differs significantly and consistently between people, including glycolytic enzymes, lipopolysaccharide biosynthetic genes, and secretion systems. Even housekeeping pathways contain a mix of variable and invariable genes, though most highly conserved genes are significantly invariable. Variable genes tend to be associated with Proteobacteria, as opposed to taxa used to define enterotypes or the dominant phyla Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes.ConclusionsThese results establish limits on functional redundancy and predict specific genes and taxa that may explain physiological differences between gut microbiomes.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s40168-017-0244-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proteobacteria explain significant functional variability in the human gut microbiome

2017

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“…Recently, antibacterial activities of copper, zinc and these complexes call attention to potential treatments such as prevention of serious diseases [1], Exploitation during bacterial pathogenesis [2], and cancer and tumor cell [3]. Cu 2+ ions could kill cancer cell by Cu(II)-Cu(I) redox-cycle, the other, Zn 2+ ions may kill tumor cell by bivalent state of Zn(II), unfortunately, the killing mechanism by Cu 2+ , Zn 2+ ions for cancer cell remains unclear.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacteriolyses of Bacterial Cell Walls by Cu(II) and Zn(II) Ions Based on Antibacterial Results of Dilution Medium Method and Halo Antibacterial Test

Ishida¹

2017

JARB

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“…It is possible that, in V. harveyi , VIBHAR_00159 alone is not sufficient to transport zinc but by associating with an additional protein(s), can form a complex that is zinc transport competent. Zinc uptake is critically important for pathogenic bacteria as many metalloproteases require zinc to function (39). Our data implies that at least one possible zinc transport protein is upregulated as cells reach HCD, which is when virulence gene expression programs are activated in other vibrios such as V. parahaemolyticus and V. vulnificus (40, 41).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hierarchical transcriptional regulation of quorum-sensing genes inVibrio harveyi

Chaparian

Ball

Kessel

2020

Preprint

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17In vibrios, quorum sensing controls hundreds of genes that are required for cell density-specific 18 behaviors including bioluminescence, biofilm formation, competence, secretion, and swarming 19 motility. The central transcription factor in the quorum-sensing pathway is LuxR/HapR, which 20 directly regulates ~100 genes in the >400-gene regulon of Vibrio harveyi. Among these directly 21 controlled genes are 15 transcription factors, which we predicted would comprise the second 22 tier in the hierarchy of the quorum-sensing regulon. We confirmed that LuxR binds to the 23 promoters of these genes in vitro and quantified the extent of LuxR activation or repression of 24 transcript levels. RNA-seq indicates that most of these transcriptional regulators control only a 25 few genes, with the exception of MetJ, which is a global regulator. The genes regulated by 26 these transcription factors are predicted to be involved in methionine and thiamine biosynthesis, 27 membrane stability, RNA processing, c-di-GMP degradation, sugar transport, and other cellular 28 processes. These data support a hierarchical model in which LuxR directly regulates 15 29 transcription factors that drive the second level of the gene expression cascade to influence cell 30 density-dependent metabolic states and behaviors in V. harveyi. 31 32 33 Importance 34 Quorum sensing is important for survival of bacteria in nature and influences the actions of 35 bacterial groups. In the relatively few studied examples of quorum sensing-controlled genes, 36 these genes are associated with competition or cooperation in complex microbial communities 37 and/or virulence in a host. However, quorum sensing in vibrios controls the expression of 38 hundreds of genes, and their functions are mostly unknown or uncharacterized. In this study, we 39 identify the regulators of the second-tier of gene expression in the quorum-sensing system of 40 the aquatic pathogen Vibrio harveyi. Our identification of regulatory networks and metabolic 41 pathways controlled by quorum sensing can be extended and compared to other Vibrio species 42 to understand the physiology, ecology, and pathogenesis of these organisms. 43 44 45 Introduction 46 47 Bacteria coordinate gene expression in response to an array of external stimuli including 48 nutrients, pH, and temperature. Other environmental cues that control gene expression are 49 autoinducers (AIs) -signaling molecules that are produced by bacterial communication systems 50 termed quorum sensing (QS) (1). In nature, bacteria live in complex microbial communities 51 where population-wide synchronization is critical for survival. While QS circuitry differs between 52 organisms, the core function remains constant -to enable locally unified gene expression. The 53 QS system of Vibrio harveyi, a significant marine pathogen, has been studied for decades and 54 has yielded a wealth of knowledge about communication in Gram-negative bacteria (2-4). In this 55 bacterium, three distinct AIs are produced intracellularly and diffuse into the ...

show abstract

Iron and zinc exploitation during bacterial pathogenesis

Cited by 72 publications

References 216 publications

Proteobacteria explain significant functional variability in the human gut microbiome

Proteobacteria explain significant functional variability in the human gut microbiome

Bacteriolyses of Bacterial Cell Walls by Cu(II) and Zn(II) Ions Based on Antibacterial Results of Dilution Medium Method and Halo Antibacterial Test

Hierarchical transcriptional regulation of quorum-sensing genes inVibrio harveyi

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