Iron-based catalysts for coal/waste oil coprocessing

Abstract

Coprocessing coal with waste oil can achieve the dual purpose of recycling waste oil and liquefying coal economically. Waste oil is primarily paraffinic and is a poor hydrogen donor solvent but contains dispersant additives which could help improve dispersion of the coal particles and the catalysts during liquefaction. The initial coprocessing studies were conducted using 10 % coal in tubing bomb reactors and a jet-loop reactor system developed at Auburn University. Coal conversions in excess of 85 % were obtained during coprocessing with selectivity of over 80 % to oils. The use of iron-based catalyst precursors and a traditional hydrogen donor solvent such as tetralin with waste oil did not have a significant effect on conversion and selectivity during coprocessing. However, the sulfur removal and the ash removal from the waste oil increased. This study indicates that coprocessing coal with waste oil is beneficial, and an extensive study is under way at present.

Detergency of used motor oil from cotton and polyester fabrics

“…Thus, compounds of these metals may contribute to the dark color of used motor oil. Sanjay et al (2) showed that waste lubricating oil used in their study consisted of even more elements. The additional elements that they found were As, Ba, Co, Cr, Mn, Mo, and P. These differences relative to our data may be due to the fact that the waste oil used in their study was not solely composed of used motor oil but contained other waste lubricating oils as well.…”

“…The reason that used motor oil forms an emulsion fairly easily with detergent solutions compared to other common oily soils may be the presence of dispersant additives in the motor oil, since it is known that waste oils contain dispersant additives (2). These additives might aid the high viscosity-emulsion formation of used motor oil in detergent solutions, and hence, decrease detergency.…”

“…Motor oils are manufactured to be relatively nonvolatile, stable during use, and low in viscosity to minimize engine friction (1). For these reasons, motor oil is primarily paraffinic and a poor hydrogen-donor solvent (2).…”

Pyrolysis of oil sludge with additives of catalytic solid wastes

“…They have pointed out that the dispersant additives presented in the waste oil were believed to enhance the coal conversion. The primary role of the dispersant additive is believed to increase coal dispersion and dissolution [26]. Further, the present results indicated that the degradation of oil sludge with additives can be carried out at a lower temperature to achieve the same degradation (conversion), in contrast to the degradation without additives.…”

“…Because the oil sludge is liquid type in 378-743 K [2], the additives have the dispersant effects. Sanjay et al [26] evaluated the role of a dispersant in coal liquefaction using a mineral oil as the solvent and with different concentrations of a commercial dispersant additive (HiTEC 7049, a proprietary mixture supplied by Ethyl Corp.) added to the reaction mixture. They have pointed out that the dispersant additives presented in the waste oil were believed to enhance the coal conversion.…”