Iron Carbides and Nitrides: Ancient Materials with Novel Prospects

Ye, Zhantong; Zhang, Peng; Lei, Xiang; Wang, Xiaobai; Zhao, Nan; Yang, Hua

doi:10.1002/chem.201706028

Cited by 48 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 131 publications

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“…Iron carbides (ICs) are among the oldest synthetic materials that are known to, and produced by, humans, arising historically even before the discovery of pure iron [1,2]. They are well known for their prominent structural and mechanical properties and have been used as adjuvant agents in concretes and metal alloys [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Magnetic Nanohybrids: From Iron Oxide to Iron Carbide Nanoparticles Grown on Nanodiamonds

et al. 2020

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The synthesis and characterization of a new line of magnetic hybrid nanostructured materials composed of spinel-type iron oxide to iron carbide nanoparticles grown on nanodiamond nanotemplates is reported in this study. The realization of these nanohybrid structures is achieved through thermal processing under vacuum at different annealing temperatures of a chemical precursor, in which very fine maghemite (γ-Fe2O3) nanoparticles seeds were developed on the surface of the nanodiamond nanotemplates. It is seen that low annealing temperatures induce the growth of the maghemite nanoparticle seeds to fine dispersed spinel-type non-stoichiometric ~5 nm magnetite (Fe3−xO4) nanoparticles, while intermediate annealing temperatures lead to the formation of single phase ~10 nm cementite (Fe3C) iron carbide nanoparticles. Higher annealing temperatures produce a mixture of larger Fe3C and Fe5C2 iron carbides, triggering simultaneously the growth of large-sized carbon nanotubes partially filled with these carbides. The magnetic features of the synthesized hybrid nanomaterials reveal the properties of their bearing magnetic phases, which span from superparamagnetic to soft and hard ferromagnetic and reflect the intrinsic magnetic properties of the containing phases, as well as their size and interconnection, dictated by the morphology and nature of the nanodiamond nanotemplates. These nanohybrids are proposed as potential candidates for important technological applications in nano-biomedicine and catalysis, while their synthetic route could be further tuned for development of new magnetic nanohybrid materials.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Magnetic Nanohybrids: From Iron Oxide to Iron Carbide Nanoparticles Grown on Nanodiamonds

et al. 2020

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“… 40 , 42 , 51 , 57 , 58 Especially for the bulk Fe 5 C 2 , a M s value of 143 emu/g sample has been reported. 59 …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid Millifluidic Synthesis of Stable High Magnetic Moment Fe_xC_y Nanoparticles for Hyperthermia

Loizou

Mourdikoudis

Σεργίδης

et al. 2020

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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A millifluidic reactor with a 0.76 mm internal diameter was utilized for the synthesis of monodisperse, high magnetic moment, iron carbide (Fe x C y ) nanoparticles by thermal decomposition of iron pentacarbonyl (Fe(CO) 5 ) in 1-octadecene in the presence of oleylamine at 22 min nominal residence time. The effect of reaction conditions (temperature and pressure) on the size, morphology, crystal structure, and magnetic properties of the nanoparticles was investigated. The system developed facilitated the thermal decomposition of precursor at reaction conditions (up to 265 °C and 4 bar) that cannot be easily achieved in conventional batch reactors. The degree of carbidization was enhanced by operating at elevated temperature and pressure. The nanoparticles synthesized in the flow reactor had size 9–18 nm and demonstrated high saturation magnetization (up to 164 emu/g Fe ). They further showed good stability against oxidation after 2 months of exposure in air, retaining good saturation magnetization values with a change of no more than 10% of the initial value. The heating ability of the nanoparticles in an alternating magnetic field was comparable with other ferrites reported in the literature, having intrinsic loss power values up to 1.52 nHm 2 kg –1 .

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“…The phase of FeC x could be determined by a variety of parameters such as reaction precursor, temperature, atmosphere, pressure, and the flow rate of carrier gas. Generally speaking, FeC x with high C content (e.g., Fe 2 C and Fe 5 C 2 ) could be formed in the CO or syngas atmosphere, because of the gas's strong capability for the reduction and carburization of Fe precursors . The synthesis of pure‐phase Fe 5 C 2 was first reported by Hirano and Tajima via the reaction of iron oxides and carbon monoxide.…”

Section: Control Synthesis Of Iron Carbidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Iron Carbides: Control Synthesis and Catalytic Applications in CO_x Hydrogenation and Electrochemical HER

Yang

Song

et al. 2019

Advanced Materials

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Catalytic transformation of COx (x = 1, 2) with renewable H2 into valuable fuels and chemicals provides practical processes to mitigate the worldwide energy crisis. Fe‐based catalytic materials are widely used for those reactions due to their abundance and low cost. Novel iron carbides are particularly promising catalytic materials among the reported ferrous catalysts. Recently, a series of strategies has been developed for the preparation of iron carbide nanoparticles and their nanocomposites. Control synthesis of FeCx‐based nanomaterials and their catalytic applications in COx hydrogenation and electrochemical hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) are reviewed. The discussion is focused on the unique catalytic activities of iron carbides in COx hydrogenation and HER and the correlation between structure and catalytic performance. Future synthesis and potential catalytic applications of iron carbides are also summarized.

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Iron Carbides and Nitrides: Ancient Materials with Novel Prospects

Cited by 48 publications

References 131 publications

Novel Magnetic Nanohybrids: From Iron Oxide to Iron Carbide Nanoparticles Grown on Nanodiamonds

Novel Magnetic Nanohybrids: From Iron Oxide to Iron Carbide Nanoparticles Grown on Nanodiamonds

Rapid Millifluidic Synthesis of Stable High Magnetic Moment Fe_xC_y Nanoparticles for Hyperthermia

Iron Carbides: Control Synthesis and Catalytic Applications in CO_x Hydrogenation and Electrochemical HER

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Iron Carbides and Nitrides: Ancient Materials with Novel Prospects

Cited by 48 publications

References 131 publications

Novel Magnetic Nanohybrids: From Iron Oxide to Iron Carbide Nanoparticles Grown on Nanodiamonds

Novel Magnetic Nanohybrids: From Iron Oxide to Iron Carbide Nanoparticles Grown on Nanodiamonds

Rapid Millifluidic Synthesis of Stable High Magnetic Moment FexCy Nanoparticles for Hyperthermia

Iron Carbides: Control Synthesis and Catalytic Applications in COx Hydrogenation and Electrochemical HER

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Rapid Millifluidic Synthesis of Stable High Magnetic Moment Fe_xC_y Nanoparticles for Hyperthermia

Iron Carbides: Control Synthesis and Catalytic Applications in CO_x Hydrogenation and Electrochemical HER